Editing Insulin-like growth factor 1 (section)

=== Metabolic effects ===

As a major [[growth factor]], IGF-1 is responsible for stimulating growth of all cell types, and causing significant [[Metabolism|metabolic effects]].<ref name="pmid22682639">{{cite journal | vauthors = Clemmons DR | title = Metabolic actions of insulin-like growth factor-I in normal physiology and diabetes | journal = Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America | volume = 41 | issue = 2 | pages = 425–43, vii-viii | date = June 2012 | pmid = 22682639 | pmc = 3374394 | doi = 10.1016/j.ecl.2012.04.017 }}</ref> One important metabolic effect of IGF-1 is signaling cells that sufficient [[Nutrient|nutrients]] are available for them to undergo [[hypertrophy]] and [[cell division]].<ref name="pmid4600536">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bikle DD, Tahimic C, Chang W, Wang Y, Philippou A, Barton ER | title = Role of IGF-I signaling in muscle bone interactions | journal = Bone | volume = 80 | pages = 79–88 | date = November 2015 | pmid = 26453498 | pmc = 4600536 | doi = 10.1016/j.bone.2015.04.036 }}</ref> Its effects also include [[Enzyme inhibitor|inhibiting]] [[cell apoptosis]] and increasing the production of [[Cellular protein|cellular proteins]].<ref name="pmid4600536"/> IGF-1 receptors are ubiquitous, which allows for metabolic changes caused by IGF-1 to occur in all cell types.<ref name="pmid22682639"/> IGF-1's metabolic effects are far-reaching and can coordinate [[Protein metabolism|protein]], [[Carbohydrate metabolism|carbohydrate]], and [[fat metabolism]] in a variety of different cell types.<ref name="pmid22682639"/> The regulation of IGF-1's metabolic effects on target tissues is also coordinated with other hormones such as growth hormone and insulin.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Clemmons DR | title = The relative roles of growth hormone and IGF-1 in controlling insulin sensitivity | journal = The Journal of Clinical Investigation | volume = 113 | issue = 1 | pages = 25–27 | date = January 2004 | pmid = 14702105 | pmc = 300772 | doi = 10.1172/JCI200420660 }}</ref>