Editing James Clark (programmer) (section)

===Work on XML ===
Clark served as technical lead of the [[working group]] that developed XML&mdash;notably contributing the self-closing, [[XML#Key terminology|empty element]] tag syntax, and the name XML.  His contributions to XML are cited in dozens of books on the subject.{{citation needed|date=September 2020}} Clark is the author or co-author of a number of influential specifications and implementations, including:

* [[DSSSL]]: An [[SGML]] transformation and styling language.
* [[Expat (library)|Expat]]: An open-source XML [[Parsing|parser]].
* [[XSLT]]: XSL Transformations, a part of the XSL family. He was the editor of the XSLT 1.0 specification.
* [[XPath]]: Path language for addressing XML documents; used by XSLT but also as a free-standing language. He was the editor of the XPath 1.0 specification. 
* [[Regular Language description for XML|TREX]]: Tree [[Regular Expression|regular experession]]s for XML (TREX) is a schema language for [[XML]].<ref name="Jones2002">{{cite book |last1=Jones |first1=Christopher A. |last2=Drake |first2=Fred L. |last3=Drake |first3=Fred L. Jr. |title=Python and XML |date=2002 |publisher="O'Reilly Media, Inc." |isbn=9780596001285 |page=21  |language=en}}</ref> TREX has been merged with [[Regular Language description for XML|RELAX]] to create [[RELAX NG]].<ref name="Jones2002" /><ref name="Cover2001">{{cite web |last1=Cover |first1=Robin |title=Tree Regular Expressions for XML (TREX) |url=http://xml.coverpages.org/trex.html |website=xml.coverpages.org |access-date=6 March 2019}}</ref>
* [[RELAX NG]]: an XML Schema language, with both an explicit XML syntax and a compact syntax. Clark was critical of the [[XML Schema (W3C)]] language (also known as XSD)<ref name="schema-wars">{{cite web|title=Schema Wars: XML Schema vs. RELAX NG|url=http://webreference.com/xml/column59/index-2.html|access-date=11 May 2019|website=webreference.com|archive-date=4 March 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190304043049/http://webreference.com/xml/column59/index-2.html|url-status=dead}}</ref> and developed RELAX NG in response
* Jing: An implementation of RELAX NG.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://relaxng.org/jclark/jing.html|title=Jing|website=relaxng.org}}</ref>
* Clark Notation: A way to express an XML Name in a compact way<ref>{{cite web|first=James|last=Clark|title=XML Namespaces|url=http://www.jclark.com/xml/xmlns.htm|website=jclark.com|access-date=17 September 2015}}</ref>
* [[Ballerina (programming language)|Ballerina]]: Ballerina is an open source general-purpose programming language for application programmers.
Clark is listed as a member of the working group that developed the [[Java (programming language)|Java]] [[Stream processing]] API for XML ([[StAX]]) JSR 173 at the JCP.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://jcp.org/en/jsr/detail?id=173|title=The Java Community Process(SM) Program - JSRs: Java Specification Requests - detail JSR# 173|website=jcp.org}}</ref>