Editing Jet Set Radio (section)

== Development ==
[[File:Dreamcast-Console-Set.png|thumb|''Jet Set Radio'' was originally developed to the Dreamcast hardware specifications.]]
''Jet Set Radio'' was developed by [[Smilebit]], a [[Sega]] studio formed from members of [[Team Andromeda]], the developers of the ''[[Panzer Dragoon]]'' games for the [[Sega Saturn]].<ref name=":GS-History">{{Cite web |title=GameSpot Presents: The History of Panzer Dragoon |website=[[GameSpot]] |date=June 1, 2005 |url=http://www.gamespot.com/gamespot/features/all/panzerdragoon/4.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040922195538/http://www.gamespot.com/gamespot/features/all/panzerdragoon/4.html|archive-date=September 22, 2004 |url-status=dead |access-date=December 11, 2012}}</ref> The development team consisted of fewer than 25 developers, with an average age of under 25.<ref name="GamesTM-Part1">{{Cite news|url=https://www.gamestm.co.uk/features/behind-the-scenes-jet-set-radio/ |page=1 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20130720044511/http://www.gamestm.co.uk/features/behind-the-scenes-jet-set-radio/ |title=Behind The Scenes: Jet Set Radio |date=January 7, 2011 |website=[[GamesTM]] |archive-date=July 20, 2013 |url-status=dead |access-date=July 30, 2017}}</ref> Programming began in mid-1999. The game was presented at the 1999 [[Tokyo Game Show]] and drew media attention for its cel-shaded style.<ref name="GFan-interview" /><ref name="TGS-GS">{{cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/tgs-sega-shows-jet-set-radio/1100-2461289/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140718194202/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/tgs-sega-shows-jet-set-radio/1100-2461289/|title=TGS: Sega Shows Jet Grind Radio |website=[[GameSpot]] |date=September 19, 1999 |archive-date= July 18, 2014 |access-date=August 12, 2009}}</ref> During the early stages of development, director Masayoshi Kikuchi had difficulty leading the team without prior directing experience. The visual style was established prior to the gameplay; according to Kikuchi, it could have become an [[adventure game]] or role-playing game. His superiors were not satisfied with early concepts, and so Kikuchi used trial and error to develop a concept that he believed everyone would find interesting.<ref name="Rude Awakening" />

Ueda wanted to create something "cool" that dealt with [[popular culture]] and was completely unlike the team's previous game, the 1998 role-playing game ''[[Panzer Dragoon Saga]]''.<ref name="GamesTM-Part1" /> Ueda's drawings of a [[Punk subculture|punky]] character with headphones and rollerblades became the foundation of the game.<ref name="GamesTM-Part2">{{Cite news|date=January 7, 2011|title=Behind The Scenes: Jet Set Radio|page=2|website=[[GamesTM]]|url=http://www.gamestm.co.uk/features/behind-the-scenes-jet-set-radio/2/|url-status=dead|access-date=September 18, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151003173509/http://www.gamestm.co.uk/features/behind-the-scenes-jet-set-radio/2/|archive-date=October 3, 2015}}</ref> Ueda had joined Sega after being impressed by the "freshness" and international appeal of [[Sonic the Hedgehog (character)|Sonic the Hedgehog]], but was disappointed with the excessive focused saturation of overtly fantastical manga and anime-style designs, and hoped to create something original.<ref name="ODCM-interview">{{Cite magazine|date=August 2000|title=Radio Heads|url=https://archive.org/details/OfficialSegaDreamcast6JulAug2000/page/n33|magazine=[[Official Dreamcast Magazine (US magazine)|Official Dreamcast Magazine]]|publisher=[[Future US|Imagine Media Inc]]|issue=6|pages=33–35|access-date=September 21, 2019}}</ref> Smilebit drew inspiration from games outside the typical game genres of science fiction and fantasy.<ref name="GamesTM-Part1" /> Ueda was particularly inspired by a demonstration of the [[PlayStation (console)|PlayStation]] rhythm game ''[[PaRappa the Rapper]]'' at the 1996 [[Tokyo Game Show]]: "I think that's the first game with pop culture like that. They did it first. After that I decided to make a true game, not just a visual experience, that was actually for adults."<ref name="GamesTM-Part1" /> The [[anti-establishment]] themes of the 1999 film ''[[Fight Club]]'' were another influence.<ref name="GamesTM-Part2" />

Smilebit used thicker lines for stand-out objects.<ref name="IGN-interview">{{cite web|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2000/05/26/igndc-interviews-the-creators-of-jet-grind-radio |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190904111420/https://www.ign.com/articles/2000/05/26/igndc-interviews-the-creators-of-jet-grind-radio |title=IGNDC Interviews The Creators of Jet Grind Radio |website=[[IGN]] |date=May 26, 2000 |archive-date=September 4, 2019 |access-date=September 21, 2019}}</ref> Smilebit developed a new cel-shading technique not used at the time as it would not have been possible on the Dreamcast or PlayStation 2.<ref name="GFan-interview">{{cite magazine |title=Jet Grind Radio Team Interview |url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2000/05/26/igndc-interviews-the-creators-of-jet-grind-radio |access-date=September 21, 2019 |magazine=GameFan |page=19 |volume=8 |issue=8}} {{Dead link|date=February 2025}}</ref><ref name="GamesTM-Part2" /> The game features graffiti by a variety of artists, including [[Eric Haze]], who had designed album art for acts including the [[Beastie Boys]] and [[Public Enemy (music group)|Public Enemy]].<ref name="Vice" /> Smilebit initially planned to make a skateboarding game, but this was changed due to the legs having to be fixed.<ref name="IGN-interview" />

''Jet Set Radio'' was one of the earliest games to feature an open 3D world, which presented the team's biggest challenge.<ref name="GamesTM-Part2" /> Kikuchi said: "Making an entire town in a game was quite the prospect. It's not hard with modern hi-spec hardware, but that wasn't the case back then... It was very difficult from a programming standpoint."<ref name="GamesTM-Part2" /> Another Sega game developed in that period, ''[[Shenmue (video game)|Shenmue]]'' (1999), also featured an open world, but Kikuchi said the games posed different technical challenges, as ''Shenmue'' does not allow the player to jump or move at speed.<ref name="GamesTM-Part2" /> The team implemented [[Aggressive inline skating|grinding]] to allow players to enjoy speed without worrying about colliding with obstacles.<ref name="GamesTM-Part2" /> Smilebit chose to have a fixed camera as an attempt to reduce [[motion sickness]].<ref name="Edge-mag-interview" /> They attempted to make the game impossible to duplicate on [[PlayStation 2]] by pushing the Dreamcast limitations using bright colors, realistic shadows, and more than sixteen NPCs on-screen without [[lag (video games)|lag]] that would have been impossible on PS2 due to its smaller memory.<ref name="Edge-mag-interview" />

The settings were inspired by Japanese locations such as the Tokyo shopping districts of [[Shibuya]] and [[Shinjuku]], which Smilebit photographed to use as references.<ref name="GFan-interview" /> Sega feared that the game's style might alienate players outside Japan and requested changes for the international versions.<ref name="GamesTM-Part3" /> The team added stages modeled after New York City: one based on [[Times Square]], and another on [[Roosevelt Avenue]] along [[Queens]] and [[Brooklyn]], and changed the nationality of two characters to American. The interactive credits sequence of the Japanese version was also cut, as localizing it would have meant rebuilding the stage with English names. Sega sold the international version in Japan as ''De La Jet Set Radio''.<ref name="GamesTM-Part3" /> Ueda was unhappy about the changes, which he said diminished the game's essential Japanese elements.<ref name="GamesTM-Part3">{{Cite web |date=January 7, 2011 |title=Behind The Scenes: Jet Set Radio |url=http://www.gamestm.co.uk/features/behind-the-scenes-jet-set-radio/3/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181023231437/https://www.gamestm.co.uk/features/behind-the-scenes-jet-set-radio/ |archive-date=23 October 2018 |access-date=September 18, 2019 |website=[[GamesTM]] |page=3}}</ref>

=== Soundtrack ===
The ''Jet Set Radio'' soundtrack includes original and licensed tracks with a variety of genres including [[J-pop]], [[Hip hop music|hip hop]], [[funk]], [[electronic dance music|electronic dance]], [[rock music|rock]], [[acid jazz]], and [[trip hop]].<ref name="Rude Awakening" /> The main theme of the game is called "Let Mom Sleep". The North American version and international rereleases add [[Heavy metal music|metal]] songs. The 2012 port omits "Yappie Feet" and "Many Styles" for licensing reasons.<ref name="Sega">{{cite web |title=Jet Set Radio |date=16 March 2015 |url=http://www.sega.com/games/jet-set-radio/ |publisher=[[Sega]] |access-date=September 2, 2019 |archive-date=January 15, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115212207/https://www.sega.com/games/jet-set-radio/ |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="GI-tracklist">{{cite magazine| title=Jet Set Radio Tracklist Announced |url=https://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2012/06/01/final-tracklist-announced-for-jet-set-radio.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814072240/https://www.gameinformer.com/b/news/archive/2012/06/01/final-tracklist-announced-for-jet-set-radio.aspx |magazine=[[Game Informer]] |date=June 1, 2012 |archive-date=August 14, 2019 |url-status=live |access-date=September 3, 2019}}</ref> The music has been described as energetic, rhythm-heavy, defiant, and multicultural.<ref name="Vice" /> Most of the soundtrack was composed by [[Hideki Naganuma]], with additional tracks by [[Richard Jacques]], Deavid Soul, Toronto, and B.B. Rights.<ref name="GameWatch-interview"/>  Naganuma attempted to match the visual style, and experimented with voices, cutting, and rearranging [[sampling (music)|samples]] to the point that they became nonsensical.<ref name="Rude Awakening">{{cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ImwMjfvlXmM |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211222/ImwMjfvlXmM |archive-date=2021-12-22 |url-status=live|title=Jet Set Radio: The Rude Awakening |medium=motion picture |time=3:18 |publisher=[[Sega]] |author1=Anthony Caufield |author2=Nichola Caufield}}{{cbignore}}</ref> In 2012, Naganuma said ''Jet Set Radio'' and its sequel had been his favorite projects.<ref name="Naganuma-interview">{{cite web|date=July 11, 2012|title=RadioSEGA Interview: Hideki Naganuma |url=https://www.radiosega.net/news/features/2012/07/radiosega-interview-hideki-naganuma/ |website=Radiosega.net|access-date=September 30, 2019}}</ref> Smilebit worked with Sega of America and Sega of Europe to include as many street culture elements as possible, hoping to create music that was internationally acceptable.<ref name="Edge-mag-interview">{{cite magazine|date=May 2000|title=Jet Set Radio|url=https://archive.org/details/edgeuk084|magazine=[[Edge (magazine)|Edge]] (UK)|publisher=[[Future plc]]|issue=84|pages=[https://archive.org/details/edgeuk084/page/n36 40]–44|access-date=September 24, 2019}}</ref>

A soundtrack CD, ''Jet Grind Radio Music Sampler'', was given to those who pre-ordered the game in the United States, featuring 10 tracks from the game, 4 of which do not appear in any version of ''Jet Set Radio''. It was distributed by [[Interscope Records]]. The soundtrack CD, ''Jet Set Radio Original Soundtrack'' (UPCH-1048), featured 19 tracks including a data track from the game and was distributed by [[Polydor Records]] on December 20, 2000, in Japan.<ref name="OST1">{{cite web| title=トロント/「Jet Set Radio」Original Soundtrack|url=https://tower.jp/item/562697/%E3%80%8CJet-Set-Radio%E3%80%8DOriginal-Soundtrack |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190906085039/https://tower.jp/item/562697/%E3%80%8CJet-Set-Radio%E3%80%8DOriginal-Soundtrack |language=ja |website=[[Tower Records]] |date=December 20, 2000 |archive-date=September 6, 2019 |url-status=live |access-date=September 6, 2019}}</ref> For the HD release, a new soundtrack CD titled ''Jet Set Radio: Original Soundtrack with Bonus Tracks from JSRF'', was distributed by [[Sumthing Else]] on September 18, 2012, for North America and Europe, containing a total of 17 tracks, 10 from the game and 7 additional tracks from the sequel, ''[[Jet Set Radio Future]]''.<ref name="OST2-A">{{cite web| title= Soundtracks you should be listening to! |url=https://www.destructoid.com/note-worthy-010-black-ops-ii-final-fantasy-mega-man-240764.phtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150906044808/http://www.destructoid.com/note-worthy-010-black-ops-ii-final-fantasy-mega-man-240764.phtml |website=[[Destructoid]] |date=December 18, 2012 |archive-date=September 6, 2015 |url-status=live |access-date=September 6, 2019}}</ref><ref name="OST2-B">{{cite web| title= Jet Set Radio Original Soundtrack |url=http://www.sumthing.com/itemDetails.aspx?id=5874 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102051336/http://www.sumthing.com/itemDetails.aspx?id=5874 |website=[[Sumthing Else]] |date=September 18, 2012 |archive-date=November 2, 2012 |url-status=dead |access-date=September 6, 2019}}</ref> A second soundtrack for the HD version, ''Jet Set Radio Sega Original Tracks'', was distributed by Sega, containing 15 tracks and was released on [[iTunes]] on October 3, 2012 alongside ''Jet Set Radio Future Sega Original Tracks''.<ref name="OST3">{{cite web| title=「ジェットセットラジオ」シリーズの楽曲がiTunes Storeで配信に |url=https://www.4gamer.net/games/184/G018447/20121003005/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190905120639/https://www.4gamer.net/games/184/G018447/20121003005/ |language=ja |website=4Gamer.net |date=October 3, 2012 |archive-date=September 5, 2019 |url-status=live |access-date=September 6, 2019}}</ref>

=== Promotion and release ===
''Jet Set Radio'' was released in Japan on June 29, 2000.<ref name="JP-release">{{Cite web |url=https://games.yahoo.co.jp/news/item?n=20190629-00000002-ygame_gamedrive |archive-url=https://archive.today/20190925124126/https://games.yahoo.co.jp/news/item?n=20190629-00000002-ygame_gamedrive |title=【6月29日のレトロゲーム】今日は『ジェットセットラジオ』＆『ミスタードリラー』の発売19周年！ |language=ja |website=[[Yahoo!]] |date=June 29, 2019 |archive-date=September 25, 2019 |url-status=dead |access-date=October 16, 2020}}</ref> In North America, it was released on October 31 as ''Jet Grind Radio'' due to trademark problems for "Jet Set" in the United States at the time.<ref name="allgamereview" /><ref name="Jet-Set-TM">{{Cite web|url=https://www.ign.com/articles/2000/04/12/jet-set-radio-to-receive-name-change-in-america |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190908005614/https://www.ign.com/articles/2000/04/12/jet-set-radio-to-receive-name-change-in-america |title=Jet Set Radio to Receive Name Change in America |website=[[IGN]] |date=April 12, 2000 |archive-date=September 8, 2019 |url-status=live |access-date=September 7, 2019}}</ref> The PAL version was released later on November 24 under the original name.<ref name="DC-UK" /> The North American and PAL versions contained two new maps, new songs, and other in-game content designed to increase the game's appeal to Western audiences.<ref name="ODCM-US" /> To promote the North American release, Sega of America held a "Graffiti is Art" competition for contestants to enter their own [[graffiti]] art pieces to Sega.<ref name="SF-contest" /> Sega chose five finalists and flew them into [[San Francisco, California]] on October 21, where they competed to make graffiti art pieces on a canvas within a 3 and a half-hour timeframe for a prize of $5000.<ref name="SF-contest" /> Mayor of San Francisco, [[Willie Brown (politician)|Willie Brown]] discovered the competition and attempted to revoke Sega of America's permit, but was unsuccessful due to obtaining the permit legally.<ref name="SF-contest">{{Cite web|url=http://www.gamespot.com/articles/san-francisco-government-attempts-jet-grind-event-shutdown/1100-2642797 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150702091527/http://www.gamespot.com/articles/san-francisco-government-attempts-jet-grind-event-shutdown/1100-2642797 |title=San Francisco Government Attempts Jet Grind Event Shutdown |website=[[GameSpot]] |archive-date=July 2, 2015 |access-date=September 5, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://kotaku.com/the-man-tried-to-shut-segas-jet-set-radio-graffitti-par-1664892707|title=The Man Tried To Shut Sega's Jet Set Radio {{sic|Graffitti|hide=y}} Party Down|publisher=[[Kotaku]]|first=Mike|last=Fahey|date=November 30, 2014|access-date=December 26, 2020}}</ref>