Open main menu
Home
Random
Recent changes
Special pages
Community portal
Preferences
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Incubator escapee wiki
Search
User menu
Talk
Dark mode
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Editing
Jewish quota
(section)
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
===Germany=== {{further ill|Law against overcrowding in German schools and universities|de|Gesetz gegen die Überfüllung deutscher Schulen und Hochschulen}} In Germany, a whole series of ''[[numerus clausus]]'' resolutions were adopted in 1929 on the basis of race and place of origin, not religion.<ref>JTA Bulletin (1931-3-17), [http://pdfs.jta.org/1931/1931-03-17_064.pdf Berlin: The growing ''numerus clausus'' peril in Germany.] Page 4.</ref> On 25 April 1933, the [[Nazi]] government introduced a 1.5% quota for new admissions of German non-[[Aryan race|Aryans]]—ie., essentially of German Jews—as core issue of a law claiming to generally limit the number of (Aryan and non-Aryan) students admitted to high-schools (''höhere Schulen'') and universities. In addition, high-schools and universities deemed to have more students than required for the professions for which they were training their students were required to reduce their student enrollment; in doing so, they had to reach a maximum of 5% of German non-Aryan students. The law was supposedly enacted to avoid overcrowding schools and universities,<ref>[http://alex.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?apm=0&aid=dra&datum=19330004&zoom=2&seite=00000225&ues=0&x=9&y=13 Gesetz gegen die Überfüllung deutscher Schulen und Hochschulen (RGBl 1933 I, S. 225)] (original German text of the ''Law against the Overcrowding of German Schools and Universities'', introduced in 1933) [http://alex.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/anno-plus?apm=0&aid=dra&datum=19330004&seite=00000226&zoom=2 Erste Verordnung zur Durchführung des Gesetzes gegen die Überfüllung deutscher Schulen und Hochschulen (RGBl 1933 I, S. 226)] (original German text of the ''First Regulation for the Implementation of the Law against the Overcrowding of German Schools and Universities'', introduced in 1933)</ref> which cited apparent concerns at the time that large numbers of students would decrease the quality of higher education in Germany. At the beginning of 1933, about 0.76% of the German population was Jewish, but more than 3.6% of German university students were Jewish, this number having steadily declined from over 9% in the 1880s.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Huerkamp |first=Claudia |date=1993 |title=Jüdische Akademikerinnen in Deutschland 1900-1938 |trans-title=Jewish academics in Germany 1900–1938 |url=https://www.jstor.org/pss/40185665 |journal=Geschichte und Gesellschaft |language=de |volume=19 |issue=3 |pages=311–331 |jstor=40185665}}</ref> After 30 July 1939, Jews were no longer permitted to attend German public schools at all, and the prior quota law was eliminated by a non-public regulation in January 1940.<ref name="Olenhusen">{{Cite journal |last=von Olenhusen |first=Albrecht Götz |date=1966 |title=Die "nichtarischen" Studenten an den deutschen Hochschulen: Zur nationalsozialistischen Rassenpolitik 1933-1945 |trans-title=The non-Aryan students at German universities |url=https://www.jstor.org/pss/30196241 |journal=Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte |language=de |volume=14 |issue=2 |pages=175–206 |jstor=30196241}}</ref><sup>p. 193</sup> In addition to their strong and predominantly antisemitic agenda, the law and subsequent regulations were temporarily used to limit general university access to other groups that were not deemed "non-Aryan", as the name of the law implied. Starting in 1934, a regulation limited the overall numbers of students admitted to German universities, and a special quota was introduced reducing women's admissions to a maximum of 10%. Although the limits were not entirely enforced, the women's quota stayed a bit above 10% mainly because a smaller percentage of men than women accepted their university admissions, which made it approximately twice as hard for women to enter a university career than for men with the same qualification.<ref name="Bildungsbürgerinnen">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QVToe3288bEC&q=%C3%BCberfremdung|title=Bildungsbürgerinnen: Frauen im Studien und in akademischen Berufen, 1900-1945|first=Claudia|last=Huerkamp|date=25 May 1996|publisher=Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht|via=Google Books|isbn=978-3-525-35666-1}}</ref><sup>S. 80ff.</sup> After two semesters, these admission limits were revoked, however, leaving in place the non-Aryan regulations.<ref name="Olenhusen" /><sup>p. 178</sup>
Edit summary
(Briefly describe your changes)
By publishing changes, you agree to the
Terms of Use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 4.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)