Editing Junagadh (section)

===Chudasama dynasty===
{{Main|Chudasama dynasty}}

The early history of the Chudasama dynasty – which ruled [[Saurashtra (region)|Saurashtra]] from Junagadh – is almost lost. Bardic legends vary significantly in the names, order, and number of early rulers, making them unreliable as historical sources. According to tradition, the dynasty is said to have been founded in the late 9th century by [[Chudachandra]]. Subsequent rulers such as [[Graharipu]], [[Navaghana (late 11th century king)|Navaghana]], and [[Khengara (12th century king)|Khengara]], were in conflict with the [[Chaulukya]] rulers [[Mularaja]] and [[Jayasimha Siddharaja]]; and Saurashtra was briefly governed by Chaulukya governors during this period. These events are recorded in contemporary and later Jain chronicles.

In 1350, Junagadh was conquered by [[Muhammad bin Tughluq]] with the help and forces of [[Koli people|Koli]] chieftain Jesaji (Jesing) from Ra Khengar.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Williams |first1=Raymond Brady |last2=Trivedi |first2=Yogi |title=Swaminarayan Hinduism: Tradition, Adaptation, and Identity |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rs5JDwAAQBAJ&dq=Junagadh+Kolis&pg=PT93 |date=2016 |location=New Delhi, India |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-19-908959-8 |language=en |access-date=14 April 2023 |quote=The most famous leader of the Khant Kolis was Jesa or Jesing, who helped Muhammad bin Tughluq capture Junagadh (1350) from Ra Khengar. In return for this, the sultan is said to have bestowed on the Khants the hill of Girnar and the twenty-four villages of Bilkha chovisi.}}</ref>

After the end of the rule of the Chaulukyas and their successors, the [[Vaghela dynasty]], in Gujarat, the Chudasamas ruled independently, or as vassals of successor states, the [[Gujarat under Delhi Sultanate|Delhi Sultanate]] and the [[Gujarat Sultanate]]. [[Mandalika I]] was the first Chudasama ruler known from inscriptions, and during his reign, Gujarat was invaded by the [[Khalji dynasty]] of Delhi. The last king of the dynasty, [[Mandalika III]], was defeated and forcibly converted to Islam in 1472 by Gujarat Sultan [[Mahmud Begada]], who annexed the state.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Cambridge Shorter History of India |chapter=Gujarat, Malwa and Khandesh |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge |year=1934 |pages=307–308 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.283073 |access-date=21 May 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Studies in Indian History: Rajasthan Through The Ages: Marwar and British Administration |editor1-first=R. K. |editor1-last=Gupta |editor2-first=S. R. |editor2-last=Bakshi |volume=5 |publisher=Sarup & Sons |location=New Delhi |year=2008 |pages=22–23 |isbn=978-8-17625-841-8 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S7dCkiyLJ6EC |access-date=21 May 2012}}</ref>

The [[Uparkot Fort]] of Junagadh was occupied by the Chudasamas during the reign of [[Graharipu]]. It is said to have been later rebuilt by [[Navaghana (late 11th century king)|Navaghana]], who had transferred his capital from Vamanasthali to Junagadh. He is also credited with construction of the [[stepwell]]s [[Navghan Kuvo]] and [[Adi Kadi Vav]] in the fort. His descendant [[Khengara (12th century king)|Khengara]] is attributed with building a stepwell, [[Ra Khengar Vav]], on the way to Vanthali from Junagadh.<ref>{{Cite book| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=P7EHTBl_pyQC| title = Gujarat–Daman–Diu: A Travel Guide| last = Ward| date = 1 January 1998| publisher = Orient Longman Limited| isbn = 9788125013839| language = en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=gfaxCQAAQBAJ| title = The Heat and Dust Project: The Broke Couple's Guide to Bharat| last1 = Jha| first1 = Saurav| last2 = Roy| first2 = Devapriya| date = 15 May 2015| publisher = HarperCollins India| isbn = 9789351367505| language = ar}}</ref>