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Kalanga language
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=== Consonants === {| class="wikitable" style=text-align:center ! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | ! colspan="2" |[[Labial consonant|Labial]] ! colspan="2" |[[Dental consonant|Dental]] ! colspan="2" |[[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] ! colspan="2" |[[Postalveolar consonant|Post-<br>alveolar]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Palatal consonant|Palatal]] ! colspan="2" |[[Velar consonant|Velar]] ! rowspan="2" |[[Glottal consonant|Glottal]] |- !<small>plain</small> !<small>alveolar</small> !<small>plain</small> !<small>lab.</small> !<small>plain</small> !<small>lab.</small> !<small>plain</small> !<small>lab.</small> !<small>plain</small> !<small>lab.</small> |- align="center" ! rowspan="6" |[[Stop consonant|Plosive]] !<small>voiceless</small> |{{IPA link|p}} | |{{IPA link|t酞}} | | |({{IPA link|t史}}) | | | |{{IPA link|k}} |{{IPA link|k史}} | |- !<small>voiced</small> |{{IPA link|b}} | |{{IPA link|d酞}} | |{{IPA link|d}} |{{IPA link|d史}} | | | |{{IPA link|伞}} |{{IPA link|伞史}} | |- !<small>prenasal</small> |{{IPA link|岬恇}} | | | |{{IPA link|鈦縟}} | | | | |{{IPA link|岬懮} |{{IPA link|岬懮∈穧} | |- !<small>aspirated</small> |{{IPA link|p拾}} | |{{IPA link|t酞拾}} | |{{IPA link|t拾}} |{{IPA link|t拾史}} | | | |{{IPA link|k拾}} |{{IPA link|k拾史}} | |- !<small>breathy</small> |{{IPA link|p时}} | | | |{{IPA link|t时}} | | | | | |{{IPA link|k史时}} | |- !<small>ejective</small> | | | | |({{IPA link|t始}}) | | | | | | | |- ! rowspan="6" |[[Affricate consonant|Affricate]] !<small>voiceless</small> | |{{IPA|p汀s}} |{{IPA link|t酞汀s酞}} | | | |{{IPA link|t汀蕛}} | | | | | |- !<small>voiced</small> | |{{IPA|b汀z}} |{{IPA link|d酞汀z酞}} |{{IPA link|d酞汀z酞史}} | | |{{IPA link|d汀蕭}} | | | |{{IPA|b汀伞}} | |- !<small>prenasal</small> | | | | | | |{{IPA link|鈦縟汀蕭}} | | | | | |- !<small>aspirated</small> | | |{{IPA link|t酞汀s酞拾}} |{{IPA link|t酞汀s酞拾史}} | | | | | | |{{IPA|p汀k拾}} | |- !<small>breathy</small> | | |{{IPA link|t酞汀s酞时}} | | | |{{IPA link|t汀蕛时}} | | | | | |- !<small>ejective</small> | | | | | | |{{IPA link|t汀蕛始}} | | | | | |- align="center" ! rowspan="2" |[[Fricative consonant|Fricative]] !<small>voiceless</small> |{{IPA link|f}} | | | |{{IPA link|s}} |{{IPA link|s史}} |{{IPA link|蕛}} |{{IPA link|蕛史}} | |({{IPA link|x}}) |({{IPA link|x史}}) | |- !<small>voiced</small> |{{IPA link|v}} | | | |{{IPA link|z}} |{{IPA link|z史}} |{{IPA link|蕭}} | | | | |{{IPA link|搔}} |- align="center" ! colspan="2" |[[Nasal consonant|Nasal]] |{{IPA link|m}} | | | |{{IPA link|n}} | | | |{{IPA link|刹}} |{{IPA link|艐}} |{{IPA link|艐史}} | |- align="center" ! colspan="2" |[[Trill consonant|Trill]] | | | | |{{IPA link|r}} | | | | | | | |- align="center" ! rowspan="3" |[[Approximant consonant|Approximant]] !<small>lateral</small> | | | | |{{IPA link|l}} | | | | | | | |- align="center" !<small>central</small> |{{IPA link|尾虨}} | | | | | | | |{{IPA link|j}} | |{{IPA link|w}} | |- !<small>breathy</small> | | | | | | | | | | |{{IPA link|w时}} | |} * Phonemes {{IPA|/t拾史, p汀s, b汀z, t汀蕛始/}} occur only as marginal phonemes. * Sounds {{IPA|/t始, t史, x, x史/}} are sounds that are borrowed from Tswana.<ref name=":0" />
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