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Kawi script
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===Philippines=== ====Lord Namvaran's debt clearance certificate from the Duke of Tondo (900)==== {{main|Laguna Copperplate Inscription}} [[File:Extract from Inskripsyon sa Binatbat na Tanso ng Laguna.jpg|thumb|The inscription displayed at the [[National Museum of Anthropology (Manila)|National Museum of Anthropology]] in Manila]] An official document written using the Kawi script records the acquittal of Namvaran's debt to the Duke ({{lang|sa|senapati}}) of Tondo in April 900. It is also known as the [[Laguna Copperplate Inscription]]. It records the date of granting of the document being on the 4th of Krishna Paksha (black lunar side), month of Vaishakha, [[Shaka era|Shaka year]] 822, corresponding to 21 April 900,<ref name="mts">{{cite web |url=http://www.mts.net/~pmorrow/lcieng.htm |title=Laguna Copperplate Inscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080205031106/http://www.mts.net/~pmorrow/lcieng.htm |archive-date=2008-02-05 }}</ref> and is written in [[Old Malay]] containing numerous [[Sanskrit]] terms and some [[Old Javanese]] and [[Old Tagalog]] terms and toponyms.<ref>Postma, Antoon. (1992). "The Laguna Copper-Plate Inscription: Text and Commentary." ''Philippine Studies'' vol. 40, no. 2: 183-203.</ref> It was found in 1989<ref name=pdi>{{cite news|title=Expert on past dies; 82 |url=http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20081021-167699/Expert-on-past-dies-82 |newspaper=[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]] |date=2008-10-21 |access-date=2008-11-17 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081024114447/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/breakingnews/nation/view/20081021-167699/Expert-on-past-dies-82 |archive-date=2008-10-24 }}</ref> at Lumbang River around [[Laguna de Bay]] in the province of Laguna near [[Manila, Philippines]]. ====Butuan seal==== {{main|Butuan Ivory Seal}} [[File:Butuan Ivory Seal.jpg|right|thumb|The Butuan ivory seal housed in the [[National Museum of the Philippines]].]] The Kawi lettering reads "Butban". The three square seal style characters are BA, TA and NA; the leftward curl underneath BA is the /u/ vowel diacritic, changing the syllable to BU; the small heart-shaped character under TA is the subscript conjunct form of BA which also removes the default /a/ vowel from TA; the large curl to the upper right is the Kawi [[virama]], which indicates the default /a/ vowel on NA is not pronounced. The three blocks of characters together read "[Bu][Tba][N-]. In both [[Balinese script]] and [[Javanese language|Javanese script]], which are descended from Kawi, the word is spelled in a very similar pattern, using a similar /u/ diacritic, conjunct form for B, and virama.
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