Editing LMS Coronation Class (section)

=== Locomotives ===
The first five locomotives, Nos. 6220–6224, were built in 1937 at the LMS [[Crewe works|Crewe Works]] at an average cost of £11,641 each.<ref name="Baker">{{cite book |last=Baker |first=Allan C. |title=The Book of the Coronation Pacifics Mk2 |year=2010 |orig-year=1998 |publisher=Irwell Press |location=Clophill |isbn=978-1-906919-17-7 }}</ref>{{rp|76, 80, 82, 86, 88}} They were all intended to haul the ''Coronation Scot'', so the locomotives and the special trainsets bore a common livery. The locomotives were streamlined and painted [[Caledonian Railway]] blue with silver horizontal lines along each side of the locomotive. The special trainsets that they hauled were painted the same shade of blue and the silver lining was repeated along each side of the coaches.{{r|Haresnape|p=123}}

In 1938 the second five locomotives of the class, Nos. 6225–6229 (named after Duchesses) were also built in streamlined form at an average cost of £11,323 each.{{r|Baker|pp=92, 94, 98, 100, 102}} They were painted in the same shade of crimson lake which had already been applied to the Princess Royal class; the same style of horizontal lining that had been a feature of the first five locomotives was continued, but in gilt. Although the crimson lake matched the standard LMS rolling stock, there was no attempt to apply the gilt lining along the sides of these coaches. A prototype trainset was built with such lining for exhibition in America, but it was never put into service due to the outbreak of the [[Second World War]].{{r|Roden|p=49}}

Stanier, the designer of the locomotives, felt that the added weight and difficulty in maintenance due to the streamlining was too high a price to pay for the actual benefits gained at high speed.<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Marsh |first=Phil |title=Stanier did not like streamlined locos! |magazine=[[The Railway Magazine]] |date=February 2006 |volume= 152|issue=1258 |editor-last=Pigott |editor-first=Nick |editor-link=Nick Pigott |location=London |publisher=IPC Media |issn=0033-8923 |pages=27–29}}</ref> Therefore, in 1938 a third batch of five locomotives (again named after Duchesses) was built, Nos. 6230–6234, without streamlining at an average cost of £10,659 each.{{r|Baker|pp=106, 110, 112, 116, 118}}

During 1939 and 1940, a fourth batch of ten locomotives (Nos. 6235–6244) was built in streamlined form commencing with No. 6235 ''City of Birmingham''. The names of cities for the locomotives would seem to have been adopted because the LMS was fast running out of names of Duchesses. These locomotives cost an average of £10,659 for the first five and £10,838 each for the second five.{{r|Baker|pp=120, 124, 130, 134, 136, 138, 142, 144, 148, 150}} The names of the cities in this batch were in strict alphabetical order. This came to an end when No. 6244 ''City of Leeds'' was patriotically renamed ''King George VI'' in 1941.{{r|Baker|p=150}}

The fifth batch, again named after cities, comprised four locomotives, Nos. 6245–6248. These engines were built during 1943 and the average cost was held to £10,908 due to the incorporation of recycled boilers.{{r|Baker|pp=156, 162, 166, 168}} During the Second World War, the Materials Committee of the government tried to balance the needs for steel between civilian departments and the War Department when allocating those resources.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Howlett |first1=Peter |title=Resource allocation in wartime Britain: The case of steel, 1939–45 |journal=Journal of Contemporary History|date=July 1994 |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=523–544 |doi=10.1177/002200949402900308 |s2cid=153341906}}</ref> Despite these constraints, the entire batch was still outshopped in streamlined form.<ref name="Jenkinson">{{cite book |last=Jenkinson |first=David |title=Profile of the Duchesses |year=1982 |publisher=Oxford Publishing Company |location=Oxford |isbn=0-86093-176-5}}</ref>{{rp|loc=Plates 135, 144 and 148}}

The theme of cities continued into 1944 when another batch of four, Nos. 6249–6252, was built without streamlining. The cost of these locomotives averaged £11,664 each.{{r|Baker|pp=172, 174, 178, 182}} A follow-up batch of three locomotives (Nos. 6253–6255) was built in 1946 and this batch attracted an inflationary average cost of £15,460 each.{{r|Baker|pp=186, 190}} The problem of hanging smoke was addressed and smoke deflectors were now incorporated into the design.

The final two locomotives were constructed to the modified design of [[George Ivatt]] who succeeded both Stanier, following his retirement, and Stanier's immediate successor [[Charles Fairburn]], who unexpectedly died in office.{{r|Roden|p=59}} The first, No. 6256 built in 1947, was the last of the class to be built before nationalisation and it was therefore named in honour of its original designer ''Sir William A. Stanier, F.R.S.''. The unveiling of the nameplate was performed by Stanier himself.{{r|Roden|p=64}} In 1948, the privately owned railways were nationalised and incorporated into [[British Rail]]ways.<ref name="Banks">{{cite book |last=Banks |first=Chris |title=British Railways Locomotives 1948 |date=1990 |publisher=Oxford Publishing Co. |location=Yeovil |isbn= 0-86093-466-7}}</ref>{{rp|7}} It was within this new regime that No. 46257 was completed – in common with other LMS locomotives, 40000 had been added to the original numbers.{{r|Banks|pp=8, 189}} The spiralling costs after the Second World War, combined with the design changes, resulted in the individual cost of these locomotives escalating to £21,411.{{r|Baker|pp=196, 200}}