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Languedocien dialect
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== Variations == [[File:Sumien.jpg|thumb|317x317px|Dialects and sub-dialects of Occitan according to D. Sumien<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Sumien|first=Domergue|title=Classificacion dei dialèctes occitans|year=2009}}</ref>]] Languedocien encompasses a number of variations, the classification of which is still ongoing. [[Jules Ronjat]] gives three sub-groups:<ref name=":0" /> * Eastern Languedocien dialects: Alésien, Montpelliérain, Lodévois, and Bitterrois (the latter tending towards Western Languedocien). * Western Languedocien dialects: Narbonnais, Carcassonnais, Toulousain (including Fuxéen and Capcinois), Albigeois, Montalbanais, Agenais (the latter tending towards Guyennais and Gascon). * Guyennais dialects: Rouergat, Gévaudanais (Lozère, Cévennes), Quercinois, Aurillacois, Sarladais, Bergeracois. * He also classes Bas-Vivarois as a Languedocien dialect but separate from the above categories. [[Louis Alibert]] uses four sub-groups:<ref>{{Cite book |last=Alibert|first=Louis |title=Gramatica occitana segon los parlars lengadocians |year=1976 |publisher=IEC |location=Montpellier |isbn=978-2-85910-274-6}}</ref> * Eastern dialects: Cévenol, Montpelliérain, Bitterois. * Southern dialects: Toulousain, Fuxéen, Donezanais, Narbonnais, "Central" (Carcassonais), Agenais. * Western dialects: Bergeracois, Villeneuvois, Sarladais, Haut-Quercinois, Bas-Quercinois, Albigeois. * Northern dialects: Aurillacois, Rouergat, Gévaudanais. [[Domergue Sumien]] defines the categories thus:<ref name=":1" /> * Eastern dialects: Cévenol, Montpelliérain. * Southern dialects: Toulousain, Fuxéen, Donezanais, Narbonnais, Carcassonais. * Western dialects: Bas-Quercinois, Albigeois, Agenais, Bitterois. * Northern dialects: Bergeracois, Villeneuvois, Sarladais, Haut-Quercinois, Aurillacois, Rouergat, Gévaudanais, Bas-Vivarois. In their supra-dialectal classification of Occitan, [[Pierre Bec]] and Domergue Sumien divide Languedocien into one or two supra-dialectal groups: * Pierre Bec places Southern Languedocien dialects in the Aquitanian-Pyrenean group and the rest of the Languedocien dialects in the Central Occitanian group. * Domergue Sumien classifies these Languedocien dialects similarly, but groups both Aquitanian-Pyrenean and Central Occitanian under the title of Pre-Iberian. <gallery> File:Bec supradialectal.jpg|Supradialectal classification of Occitan according to P. Bec<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bec|first=Pierre|title=Manuel pratique d'occitan moderne|publisher=Picard|year=1973|location=Paris}}</ref> File:Sumien supradialectal.jpg|Supradialectal classification of Occitan according to D. Sumien<ref>{{Cite book|last=Sumien|first=Domergue|title=La standardisation pluricentrique de l'occitan: nouvel enjeu sociolinguistique, développement du lexique et de la morphologie|publisher=Brepols|year=2006|location=Turnhout}}</ref> </gallery>
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