Editing Left ventricular hypertrophy (section)

===Echocardiography===
{|class="wikitable" align="right"
|+ Left ventricular hypertrophy grading<br /> by posterior wall thickness<ref name="GolandCzer2008">{{cite journal | vauthors = Goland S, Czer LS, Kass RM, Siegel RJ, Mirocha J, De Robertis MA, Lee J, Raissi S, Cheng W, Fontana G, Trento A | display-authors = 6 | title = Use of cardiac allografts with mild and moderate left ventricular hypertrophy can be safely used in heart transplantation to expand the donor pool | journal = Journal of the American College of Cardiology | volume = 51 | issue = 12 | pages = 1214–1220 | date = March 2008 | pmid = 18355661 | doi = 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.11.052 | s2cid = 29478910 | doi-access =  }}</ref>
|-
| Mild  || 12 to 13&nbsp;mm
|-
| Moderate || >13 to 17&nbsp;mm
|-
| Severe || >17&nbsp;mm
|}
Two dimensional echocardiography can produce images of the left ventricle. The thickness of the left ventricle as visualized on echocardiography correlates with its actual mass. Left ventricular mass can be further estimated based on geometric assumptions of ventricular shape using the measured wall thickness and internal diameter.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Lang RM, Badano LP, Mor-Avi V, Afilalo J, Armstrong A, Ernande L, Flachskampf FA, Foster E, Goldstein SA, Kuznetsova T, Lancellotti P, Muraru D, Picard MH, Rietzschel ER, Rudski L, Spencer KT, Tsang W, Voigt JU | display-authors = 6 | title = Recommendations for cardiac chamber quantification by echocardiography in adults: an update from the American Society of Echocardiography and the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging | journal = Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography | volume = 28 | issue = 1 | pages = 1–39.e14 | date = January 2015 | pmid = 25559473 | doi = 10.1016/j.echo.2014.10.003 | doi-access = free | hdl = 1854/LU-5953422 | hdl-access = free }}</ref> Average thickness of the left ventricle, with numbers given as 95% [[prediction interval]] for the short axis images at the mid-cavity level are:<ref name="KawelTurkbey2012">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kawel N, Turkbey EB, Carr JJ, Eng J, Gomes AS, Hundley WG, Johnson C, Masri SC, Prince MR, van der Geest RJ, Lima JA, Bluemke DA | display-authors = 6 | title = Normal left ventricular myocardial thickness for middle-aged and older subjects with steady-state free precession cardiac magnetic resonance: the multi-ethnic study of atherosclerosis | journal = Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging | volume = 5 | issue = 4 | pages = 500–508 | date = July 2012 | pmid = 22705587 | pmc = 3412148 | doi = 10.1161/CIRCIMAGING.112.973560 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
* Women: 4 – 8&nbsp;mm
* Men: 5 – 9&nbsp;mm