Editing Lerwick (section)

==Climate==
[[File:Lerwick, Shetland, August 2010.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.2|Lerwick in August 2010]]
Lerwick has recently transitioned from a [[subpolar oceanic climate]] (''Cfc'') to a [[oceanic climate|maritime]] climate (''Cfb'', yet closely bordering on ''Cfc''), with cool to cold temperatures all year long. The lack of trees is mostly due to man clearing the islands for grazing and agriculture thousands of years ago.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.shetland.org/blog/story-of-shetlands-trees | title=Root and branch – the story of Shetland's trees | date=19 April 2021 }}</ref>

Lerwick is a very cloudy town, averaging only 1,110 sunshine hours annually (about 13 percent of a year). February is the coldest month, with high temperatures averaging around {{convert|5.8|C|F}}. In August, the warmest month, average high temperatures are {{convert|14.7|C|F}}. This produces an extremely narrow difference for an area north of the [[60th parallel north|60th parallel]]. In average monthly precipitation, October to January are the year's wettest months, with over {{convert|130|mm|abbr=on}} of precipitation each month; May and June are the driest months, with average monthly precipitation less than {{convert|60|mm|abbr=on}} each. Snowfall can occur, primarily from December to March, but snow accumulation is rarely heavy and usually short-lived. The exposed North Atlantic location and proximity to autumn and winter storm tracks means high winds are a regular occurrence, alongside high levels of cloudiness and precipitation. Temperatures are likely to be slightly milder in the town centre at sea level, as the weather station is at an elevation of {{convert|82|m|ft}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate/gfxnj5fx4|title=Lerwick climate information|publisher=Lerwick climate information|access-date=9 August 2015|archive-date=10 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150910210248/http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/public/weather/climate/gfxnj5fx4|url-status=live}}</ref>

Owing to its northerly location, winter months are extremely dark in Lerwick. On the day of the winter solstice it gets only 5 hours and 49 minutes of daylight.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sunrise-and-sunset.com/en/sun/united-kingdom/lerwick/2015/december|title=Lerwick sunrise and sunset – December|publisher=Sunrise and Sunset|access-date=27 October 2015|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230722/http://www.sunrise-and-sunset.com/en/sun/united-kingdom/lerwick/2015/december|url-status=live}}</ref> In sharp contrast daylight lasts 18 hours and 55 minutes on the day of the summer solstice.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sunrise-and-sunset.com/en/sun/united-kingdom/lerwick/2015/june|title=Sunrise and sunset for Lerwick – June|publisher=Sunrise and Sunset|access-date=27 October 2015|archive-date=3 March 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230821/http://www.sunrise-and-sunset.com/en/sun/united-kingdom/lerwick/2015/june|url-status=live}}</ref> As a result, nights never get completely dark for a period of time in summer, with dark blue elements remaining in the sky. The maritime influence tempers the climate effects of these swings in daylight, but in many areas of the world this latitude has hostile winters. Farther north in the world, only the [[Faroe Islands]] and a few places in Norway like [[Kinn]] have such high January averages as Lerwick and fellow Shetland station at [[Baltasound]] – with the warm Atlantic currents preventing ice formation. Only when temperatures in continental areas are record cold does Lerwick experience some cold as was the case in December 2010 during the severe cold wave affecting the [[Winter of 2010–11 in Great Britain and Ireland|British Isles]] and [[Winter of 2010–11 in Europe|Europe]] that covered much of mainland UK in snow.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/pub/data/weather/uk/climate/stationdata/lerwickdata.txt|title=Met Office Station Data for Lerwick|publisher=Met Office|access-date=27 October 2015|archive-date=25 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625161221/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/pub/data/weather/uk/climate/stationdata/lerwickdata.txt|url-status=live}}</ref> Even so, average highs remained above {{convert|3|C|F}} and frosts were light. Mild summers are also rare with the warmest recorded month being July 2006 at an average high of {{convert|16|C|F}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/pub/data/weather/uk/climate/stationdata/lerwickdata.txt|title=Met Office Station Data for Lerwick|publisher=Met Office|access-date=27 October 2015|archive-date=25 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180625161221/https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/pub/data/weather/uk/climate/stationdata/lerwickdata.txt|url-status=live}}</ref>

{{Weather box
|location = Lerwick (S. Screen){{efn|Weather station is located {{convert|1.7|mi|1|abbr=out}} from the Lerwick port centre.}}<br>[[Location identifier#WMO station identifiers|WMO ID]]: 03005; coordinates {{coord|60.13893|N|1.18491|W|type:landmark_region:GB|name=Lerwick (S. Screen)|format=dms}}; elevation {{convert|82|m|ft|0|abbr=on}}; 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1930–present
|collapsed =
|metric first = y
|single line = y
|Jan record high C = 12.8
|Feb record high C = 11.7
|Mar record high C = 13.3
|Apr record high C = 16.1
|May record high C = 20.7
|Jun record high C = 22.2
|Jul record high C = 23.4
|Aug record high C = 22.1
|Sep record high C = 20.7
|Oct record high C = 17.2
|Nov record high C = 13.9
|Dec record high C = 12.6
|Jan avg record high C = 9.1
|Feb avg record high C = 8.9
|Mar avg record high C = 9.9
|Apr avg record high C = 11.9
|May avg record high C = 15.1
|Jun avg record high C = 16.2
|Jul avg record high C = 17.8
|Aug avg record high C = 17.8
|Sep avg record high C = 16.1
|Oct avg record high C = 13.4
|Nov avg record high C = 11.1
|Dec avg record high C = 10.2
|year avg record high C = 18.8
|Jan high C = 6.1
|Feb high C = 5.8
|Mar high C = 6.7
|Apr high C = 8.3
|May high C = 10.6
|Jun high C = 12.6
|Jul high C = 14.4
|Aug high C = 14.7
|Sep high C = 13.0
|Oct high C = 10.4
|Nov high C = 8.1
|Dec high C = 6.6
|year high C = 9.8
|Jan mean C = 4.1
|Feb mean C = 3.8
|Mar mean C = 4.6
|Apr mean C = 6.1
|May mean C = 8.1
|Jun mean C = 10.3
|Jul mean C = 12.2
|Aug mean C = 12.6
|Sep mean C = 11.1
|Oct mean C = 8.5
|Nov mean C = 6.2
|Dec mean C = 4.5
|year mean C = 7.7
|Jan low C = 2.2
|Feb low C = 1.8
|Mar low C = 2.4
|Apr low C = 3.8
|May low C = 5.6
|Jun low C = 8.1
|Jul low C = 10.1
|Aug low C = 10.5
|Sep low C = 9.1
|Oct low C = 6.6
|Nov low C = 4.3
|Dec low C = 2.5
|year low C = 5.3
|Jan avg record low C = -2.3
|Feb avg record low C = -3.2
|Mar avg record low C = -2.6
|Apr avg record low C = -0.7
|May avg record low C = 1.1
|Jun avg record low C = 4.3
|Jul avg record low C = 6.8
|Aug avg record low C = 6.8
|Sep avg record low C = 5.0
|Oct avg record low C = 1.8
|Nov avg record low C = -0.5
|Dec avg record low C = -2.7
|year avg record low C = -4.3
|Jan record low C = -8.9
|Feb record low C = -7.4
|Mar record low C = -8.3
|Apr record low C = -5.7
|May record low C = -2.2
|Jun record low C = -0.6
|Jul record low C = 3.5
|Aug record low C = 2.8
|Aug record low F = 37.0
|Sep record low C = -0.6
|Oct record low C = -3.3
|Nov record low C = -5.7
|Dec record low C = -8.2
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 150.4
|Feb precipitation mm = 122.7
|Mar precipitation mm = 109.2
|Apr precipitation mm = 67.8
|May precipitation mm = 56.9
|Jun precipitation mm = 59.8
|Jul precipitation mm = 67.7
|Aug precipitation mm = 88.6
|Sep precipitation mm = 105.8
|Oct precipitation mm = 130.6
|Nov precipitation mm = 143.2
|Dec precipitation mm = 149.7
|year precipitation mm = 1252.3
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 22.0
|Feb precipitation days = 19.2
|Mar precipitation days = 19.3
|Apr precipitation days = 14.7
|May precipitation days = 11.7
|Jun precipitation days = 11.5
|Jul precipitation days = 12.1
|Aug precipitation days = 13.1
|Sep precipitation days = 16.1
|Oct precipitation days = 20.3
|Nov precipitation days = 21.5
|Dec precipitation days = 22.6
|year precipitation days = 204.1
|Jan snow days = 10
|Feb snow days = 9
|Mar snow days = 9
|Apr snow days = 5
|May snow days = 1
|Jun snow days = 0
|Jul snow days = 0
|Aug snow days = 0
|Sep snow days = 0
|Oct snow days = 1
|Nov snow days = 5
|Dec snow days = 8
|year snow days = 48
|Jan humidity = 87
|Feb humidity = 86
|Mar humidity = 86
|Apr humidity = 87
|May humidity = 88
|Jun humidity = 89
|Jul humidity = 90
|Aug humidity = 91
|Sep humidity = 90
|Oct humidity = 89
|Nov humidity = 87
|Dec humidity = 87
|year humidity = 89
|Jan sun = 27.4
|Feb sun = 57.6
|Mar sun = 97.7
|Apr sun = 141.2
|May sun = 191.9
|Jun sun = 147.7
|Jul sun = 128.6
|Aug sun = 132.4
|Sep sun = 99.5
|Oct sun = 75.1
|Nov sun = 38.3
|Dec sun = 20.6
|year sun = 1158.0
|source 1 = [[Met Office]]<ref name ="Met Averages">{{cite web
| url = https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/uk-climate-averages/gfxnj5fx4
| title = Lerwick (S. Screen) (Shetland Islands) UK climate averages
| publisher = Met Office
| access-date = 1 January 2022}}</ref> [[NOAA]] (relative humidity and snow days 1961–1990)<ref name="NOAA">{{Cite FTP | url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-VI/UK/03005.TXT
| server = NOAA
| title = Lerwick 1961–1990
| access-date = 30 January 2016}}</ref> Infoclimat<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.infoclimat.fr/climatologie/annee/1991/lerwick/valeurs/03005.html|title=Climatologie de l'année à Lerwick|publisher=Infoclimat|language=fr|access-date=21 September 2023}}</ref>
|source 2 = [[Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute|KNMI]]<ref>{{cite web| url =http://eca.knmi.nl/indicesextremes/customquerytimeseriesplots.php| title =Manchester ringway extreme values| access-date =30 January 2016| publisher =[[KNMI (institute)|KNMI]]| archive-date =2 February 2018| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20180202192334/http://eca.knmi.nl/indicesextremes/customquerytimeseriesplots.php| url-status =dead}}</ref>

}}
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{|style="width:100%;text-align:center;line-height:1.2em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto" class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
|-
!Colspan=14|Climate data for Lerwick
|-
!Month
!Jan
!Feb
!Mar
!Apr
!May
!Jun
!Jul
!Aug
!Sep
!Oct
!Nov
!Dec
!style="border-left-width:medium"|Year
|-
!Average sea temperature °C 
|style="background:#9090FF;color:#000000;"|9.3<br />
|style="background:#8484FF;color:#000000;"|8.8<br />
|style="background:#7E7EFF;color:#000000;"|8.6<br />
|style="background:#8888FF;color:#000000;"|8.8<br />
|style="background:#9C9CFF;color:#000000;"|9.9<br />
|style="background:#B8B8FF;color:#000000;"|11.5<br />
|style="background:#D3D3FF;color:#000000;"|13.0<br />
|style="background:#DFDFFF;color:#000000;"|13.4<br />
|style="background:#DEDEFF;color:#000000;"|12.8<br />
|style="background:#D3D3FF;color:#000000;"|11.9<br />
|style="background:#C4C4FF;color:#000000;"|11.4<br />
|style="background:#A9A9FF;color:#000000;"|10.3<br />
|style="background:#B0B0FF;color:#000000;border-left-width:medium"|10.8<br />
|-
!Mean daily daylight hours
|style="background:#E2E200;color:#000000;"|7.0
|style="background:#F0F011;color:#000000;"|10.0
|style="background:#FFFF33;color:#000000;"|12.0
|style="background:#FFFF55;color:#000000;"|14.0
|style="background:#FFFF77;color:#000000;"|17.0
|style="background:#FFFF88;color:#000000;"|19.0
|style="background:#FFFF77;color:#000000;"|17.0
|style="background:#FFFF66;color:#000000;"|15.0
|style="background:#FFFF44;color:#000000;"|13.0
|style="background:#F7F722;color:#000000;"|10.0
|style="background:#E9E900;color:#000000;"|8.0
|style="background:#E2E200;color:#000000;"|6.0
|style="background:#FFFF3A;color:#000000;border-left-width:medium"|12.4
|-
!Average [[Ultraviolet index]]
|style="background:#289500;color:#000000;"|0
|style="background:#289500;color:#000000;"|1
|style="background:#289500;color:#000000;"|2
|style="background:#f7e400;color:#000000;"|3
|style="background:#f7e400;color:#000000;"|4
|style="background:#f7e400;color:#000000;"|5
|style="background:#f7e400;color:#000000;"|5
|style="background:#f7e400;color:#000000;"|4
|style="background:#f7e400;color:#000000;"|3
|style="background:#289500;color:#000000;"|1
|style="background:#289500;color:#000000;"|0
|style="background:#289500;color:#000000;"|0
|style="background:#289400;color:#000000;border-left-width:medium"|2.4
|-
!Colspan=14 style="background:#f8f9fa;font-weight:normal;font-size:95%;"|Source: Weather Atlas<ref name="Weather Atlas">{{cite web |url=https://www.weather-atlas.com/en/scotland/lerwick-climate |title=Lerwick, Scotland – Monthly weather forecast and Climate data |publisher=Weather Atlas |access-date=25 January 2019 |archive-date=27 October 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211027204350/https://www.weather-atlas.com/porpoiseant/army.gif?orig=0&sts=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 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|}

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