Editing Lida (section)

=== Early history ===
[[File:Lidzki zamak. Лідзкі замак (V. Griaznov, 1874).jpg|thumb|left|19th-century view of the [[Lida Castle]]]]
There are passing mentions of Lida in chronicles from 1180. Until the early 14th century, the settlement at Lida was a wooden [[fortress]] in [[Lithuania proper]]. In 1323, the [[Grand Duke of Lithuania]] [[Gediminas]] built a brick fortress there. The generally considered founding year of Lida is 1380. The fortress withstood [[Crusades|Crusader]] attacks from [[Prussia]] in 1392 and 1394 but was burned to the ground in 1710. Following the death of [[Gediminas]], when Lithuania was divided into principalities, Lida became the capital of one of them, the seat of [[Algirdas]].

Lida was in the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]]. After the [[Union of Krewo]] (1385), when the [[Polish–Lithuanian Union]] was established, and the subsequent [[Christianization of Lithuania]], the Catholic [[parish]] was established in the former [[Lithuanian mythology|Lithuanian pagan]] lands, and a church, whose ruins still exist, was built by King [[Władysław II Jagiełło]], who visited Lida two times, in 1415 and 1422.<ref name=PA>{{cite web |url=http://pawet.net/library/history/bel_history/_books/lida/02/Historia_miejscowo%C5%9Bci.html |title=Historia miejscowości |website=Pawet.net |access-date=5 October 2019 |language=pl |archive-date=5 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191005183632/http://pawet.net/library/history/bel_history/_books/lida/02/Historia_miejscowo%25C5%259Bci.html |url-status=live }}</ref> In the 15th century, the town became a centre of production by craftsmen and trade. Lida was connected with [[Vilnius]], [[Navahrudak]] and [[Minsk]]. The town had a market square and four streets: Wileńska, Zamkowa, Kamieńska and Krivaya.<ref>[https://sztetl.org.pl/pl/miejscowosci/l/1071-lida/104-teksty-kultury/17372-topografia-lidy Topografia Lidy] {{Dead link|date=February 2022}}</ref> In 1506, a [[Sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Sejm]] was held in Lida, convened by King [[Aleksander Jagiellon]] and the Polish-Lithuanian army gathered here<ref name=PA/> before the [[Battle of Kletsk]], in which it defeated the invading [[Tatars]].
[[File:Lida. Ліда (1792, 1910).jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.6|18th-century city seal of Lida]]
In 1588, Lida became the seat of [[Lida District]] in [[Vilnius Voivodeship]]. Polish King [[Sigismund III Vasa]] granted Lida [[Magdeburg rights|Magdeburg town rights]] in 1590,<ref name=CM>{{cite web |url=https://www.ciekawe-miejsca.net/przewodnik/europa/lida_bialoruskie_miasto_z_bogata_przeszloscia |title=Lida - białoruskie miasto z bogatą przeszłością |website=Ciekawe Miejsca - Internetowy Przewodnik Turystyczny |access-date=5 October 2019 |language=pl |archive-date=5 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191005183647/https://www.ciekawe-miejsca.net/przewodnik/europa/lida_bialoruskie_miasto_z_bogata_przeszloscia |url-status=live }}</ref> which were later confirmed in [[Warsaw]] by Kings [[Władysław IV Vasa]] in 1640 and [[Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki]] in 1670<ref name=PA/> and by the [[Polish Sejm]] in 1776. They let Lida hold two annual fairs of little import to the local economy. It was a [[royal city in Poland|royal city]].<ref>Вялікі гістарычны атлас Беларусі Т.2, Minsk 2013, p. 88</ref> The population was between 2000 and 5000 people.

The second half of the 17th century was a difficult time for Lida. During the [[Russo-Polish War (1654–1667)|Russo-Polish War]] the city was destroyed by the Cossacks in 1655 and the Russians in 1659.<ref name=PA/><ref name=CM/> As a result of the war in 1656 [[famine]] occurred and in 1657 an epidemic.<ref name=PA/> To revive Lida, King [[Michael Korybut Wiśniowiecki]] exempted the city from taxes with a privilege of 1676.<ref name=PA/> In 1679 it suffered a fire.<ref name=PA/> In 1702, Lida was plundered by the Swedes.<ref name=PA/>

In 1759, a [[high school]] was founded in Lida.<ref name=PA/> By 1786, only 514 inhabitants were left in Lida, in 1792, 1243 people lived here. After the [[Third Partition of Poland]] in 1795, it was annexed by the [[Russian Empire]] as a powiat centre of the [[Slonim Governorate]] (1795).