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Lydian language
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==Writing system== {{main|Lydian alphabet}} The [[Lydian alphabet|Lydian script]], which is strictly alphabetic, consists of 26 signs: {| class="wikitable" |+ |- | sign || {{Script|Lydi|𐤠}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤡}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤢}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤣}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤤}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤥}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤦}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤧}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤨}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤩}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤪}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤫}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤬}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤭}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤮}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤯}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤰}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤱}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤲}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤳}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤴}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤵}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤶}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤷}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤸}} || {{Script|Lydi|𐤹}} |- | transliteration || a || p || g || d || e || w || i || y || k || l || m || n || o || r || s || t || u || f || q || š || [[Tau|τ]] || ã || ẽ || λ || ñ || c |- | (former transliteration) || || ''b'' || || || || ''v'' || || || || || || || || || ''ś'' || || || || || ''s'' || || || || || ''ν'' || |- | sound ([[International Phonetic Alphabet|IPA]]) || /a/ || /p~b/ || /g/ || /ð/ || /e:/ || /w/ or /v/ || /i/ || /i̯~j/? || /k~ɡ/ || /l/ || /m/ || /n/ || /o:/ || /r/ || /s/ || /t~d/ || /u/ || /f/ or /ɸ/ || /kʷ/ || /ʃ/ or /ç/ || /tʃ/ or /tç/ || /ãː/? || /ã/ or /æ̃/? || /ʎ/ (or /ɾʲ/?) || /ɲ/ or /ŋ/? || /ts~dz/? |- | Greek equivalent || Α || Β || Γ || Δ || Ε || F || Ι || (Ι) || Κ || Λ || Μ || Ν || Ο || Ρ || Σ || Τ || Υ || Φ || ϙ || - || (Ξ) || - || - || - || - || (Ζ) |} The script is related to or derived from that of [[Greek alphabet|Greek]] as well as its western Anatolian neighbours, the exact relationship still remaining unclear. The direction of writing in the older texts is either from left to right or right to left. Later texts show exclusively the latter. Use of word-dividers is variable. The texts were found chiefly at the ancient capital of [[Sardis]] and include decrees and epitaphs, some of which were composed in verse; most were written during the 5th century and the 4th century BCE, but a few may have been created as early as the 7th century.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/22939/Anatolian-languages/74580/Lydian|title = Anatolian languages | Britannica}}</ref>
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