Editing Magahi language (section)

== Phonology ==

=== Consonants ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
! colspan="2" |
![[Labial consonant|Labial]]
![[Dental consonant|Dental]]/<br />[[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]]
![[Retroflex consonant|Retroflex]]
![[Postalveolar consonant|Post-alv.]]/<br />[[Palatal consonant|Palatal]]
![[Velar consonant|Velar]]
![[Glottal consonant|Glottal]]
|-
! rowspan="2" |[[Nasal consonant|Nasal]]
!{{small|[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
|{{IPAlink|m}}
|{{IPAlink|n}}
|
|
|{{IPAlink|ŋ}}
|
|-
!{{small|[[Breathy voice|breathy]]}}
|{{IPAlink|mʱ}}
|{{IPAlink|nʱ}}
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="4" |[[Stop consonant|Stop]]/<br />[[Affricate consonant|Affricate]]
!{{small|[[Voicelessness|voiceless]]}}
|{{IPAlink|p}}
|{{IPAlink|t}}
|{{IPAlink|ʈ}}
|{{IPAlink|tʃ}}
|{{IPAlink|k}}
|
|-
!{{small|[[Aspirated consonant|aspirated]]}}
|{{IPAlink|pʰ}}
|{{IPAlink|tʰ}}
|{{IPAlink|ʈʰ}}
|{{IPAlink|tʃʰ}}
|{{IPAlink|kʰ}}
|
|-
!{{small|[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
|{{IPAlink|b}}
|{{IPAlink|d}}
|{{IPAlink|ɖ}}
|{{IPAlink|dʒ}}
|{{IPAlink|ɡ}}
|
|-
!{{small|[[Breathy voice|breathy]]}}
|{{IPAlink|bʱ}}
|{{IPAlink|dʱ}}
|{{IPAlink|ɖʱ}}
|{{IPAlink|dʒʱ}}
|{{IPAlink|ɡʱ}}
|
|-
! colspan="2" |[[Fricative consonant|Fricative]]
|
|{{IPAlink|s}}
|
|
|
|{{IPAlink|h}}
|-
! rowspan="2" |[[Approximant consonant|Approximant]]
!{{small|[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
|{{IPAlink|w}}
|{{IPAlink|l}}
|
|{{IPAlink|j}}
|
|
|-
!{{small|[[Breathy voice|breathy]]}}
|
|{{IPAlink|lʱ}}
|
|
|
|
|-
! rowspan="2" |[[Tap consonant|Tap]]
!{{small|[[Voice (phonetics)|voiced]]}}
|
|{{IPAlink|ɾ}}
|{{IPAlink|ɽ}}
|
|
|
|-
!{{small|[[Breathy voice|breathy]]}}
|
|{{IPAlink|ɾʱ}}
|{{IPAlink|ɽʱ}}
|
|
|
|}

=== Vowels ===
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"
!
![[Front vowel|Front]]
![[Central vowel|Central]]
![[Back vowel|Back]]
|- align="center"
![[High vowel|High]]
|{{IPAlink|i}}
|
|{{IPAlink|u}}
|- align="center"
![[Mid vowel|Mid]]
|{{IPAlink|e}}
|{{IPAlink|ə}}
|{{IPAlink|o}}
|- align="center"
![[Low vowel|Low]]
|
| colspan="2" |{{IPAlink|aː}}
|-
![[Diphthong]]s
|{{IPA|əi}}
|
|{{IPA|əu}}
|}

* {{IPA|/i, u/}} may also be heard as lower {{IPA|[ɪ, ʊ]}} in shortened positions.<ref name="Magahi01" />
* {{IPA|/e, o/}} may also be heard as lower {{IPA|[ɛ, ɔ]}} in more initial positions.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sinha |first=Anil Chandra |title=Phonology and morphology of a Magahi dialect |publisher=Poona: Deccan College |year=1966}}</ref>
* {{IPA|/ə/}} can also be heard as {{IPA|[ʌ]}} in more stressed positions.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Verma |first=Sheela |title=Magahi |publisher=London: London & New York: Routledge. |year=2003 |location=In George Cardona and Dhanesh Jain (eds.), The Indo-Aryan Languages |pages=498–514}}</ref>

===Kinship terms===
Some common kinship terms:
{| class="wikitable"
!Sr. No.
!Magahi Word
!IPA Pronunciation
!English Word
|-
|1
|बाप
|[baːp]
|Father
|-
|2
|माई
|[maː.i]
|Mother
|-
|3
|लइका
|[lə.ɪ.kaː]
|Son
|-
|4
|लइकी
|[lə.ɪ.kiː]
|Daughter
|-
|5
|भइया
|[bʰə.jaː]
|Elder Brother
|-
|6
|भौजी
|[bʰɔː.dʒiː]
|Sister-in-law (brother's wife)
|-
|7
|दीदी
|[diː.diː]
|Elder Sister
|-
|8
|बहिनिया
|[bə.hi.ni.jaː]
|Younger Sister
|-
|9
|दादा
|[daː.daː]
|Paternal Grandfather
|-
|10
|दादी
|[daː.diː]
|Paternal Grandmother
|-
|11
|नाना
|[naː.naː]
|Maternal Grandfather
|-
|12
|नानी
|[naː.niː]
|Maternal Grandmother
|-
|13
|मरद
|[mə.rəd]
|Husband
|-
|14
|मेहरारू
|[me.hə.raː.ruː]
|Wife
|-
|15
|सास
|[saːs]
|Mother-in-law
|-
|16
|ससुर
|[sə.suɾ]
|Father-in-law
|-
|17
|देबर
|[de.bəɾ]
|Brother-in-law (husband's younger brother)
|-
|18
|जेठ
|[dʒeʈʰ]
|Husband’s Elder Brother
|-
|19
|ननद
|[nənəd]
|Husband’s Sister
|-
|20
|बहू
|[bə.huː]
|Daughter-in-law
|-
|22
|चाचा
|[tʃaː.tʃaː]
|Paternal Uncle (Younger)
|-
|24
|चाची
|[tʃaː.tʃiː]
|Aunt (Younger Uncle's Wife)
|-
|25
|मामा
|[maː.maː]
|Maternal Uncle
|-
|26
|मामी
|[maː.miː]
|Maternal Uncle’s Wife
|-
|27
|मौसी
|[mɔː.siː]
|Maternal Aunt
|-
|28
|मौसा
|[mɔː.saː]
|Maternal Aunt’s Husband
|-
|29
|फूफी
|[fuː.fiː]
|Paternal Aunt
|-
|30
|फूफा
|[fuː.faː]
|Paternal Aunt’s Husband
|-
|31
|भतीजा
|[bʰə.t̪iː.dʒaː]
|Nephew
|-
|32
|भतीजी
|[bʰə.t̪iː.dʒiː]
|Niece
|}