Editing Mangue bit (section)

=== Origin ===
[[File:Caranguejo da Rua da Aurora - Recife-PE - Brasil.jpg|thumb|285px|Caranguejo Elétrico, Rua da Aurora, Recife (2007). ]]
The basis for Mangue started towards the end of Brazil's [[Military dictatorship in Brazil|military dictatorship]] at the beginning of the 1980s. The relaxation of censorship increased the availability of imported music, especially from the United States and the United Kingdom, leading to an increase of [[Brazilian rock|Brazilian-made rock music]]. In [[Recife]], university students, including some of the founding characters of the movement, DJ Renato L. and [[Fred 04]], started a radio show called ''Décadas'', further facilitating the influence of rock music, especially underground music from England, leading to a large increase in Recife-based rock bands.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Galinsky|first=Philip|url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781315023977/maracatu-atomico-philip-galinsky|title=Maracatu Atomico: Tradition, Modernity, and Postmodernity in the Mangue Movement of Recife, Brazil|date=2013-09-30|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-315-02397-7|location=New York|pages=29|doi=10.4324/9781315023977}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Aaron.|first=Clark, Walter|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/827207112|title=From tejano to tango : Latin American popular music|date=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-53680-9|pages=129|oclc=827207112}}</ref> Fred 04 notes that when Mundo Livre S/A began in 1984, poor economic circumstances and the lack of a music circuit in Recife, made it especially difficult for them, and similar music groups to find places to play.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Aaron.|first=Clark, Walter|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/827207112|title=From tejano to tango : Latin American popular music|date=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-53680-9|pages=198|oclc=827207112}}</ref> In the early 90s, Paulo Andre Pires, who would become [[Nação Zumbi]]'s [[impresario]], began producing shows in Recife and invited both local and international bands to perform.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|last=Galinsky|first=Philip|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315023977|title=Maracatu Atomico|date=2013-12-16|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-71721-5|pages=30}}</ref>

Despite being both being cited as founders for the Mangue movement, [[Chico Science]] and [[Nação Zumbi]] ([[Chico Science & Nacao Zumbi|CSNZ]]), and [[Mundo Livre S/A]] have different influences and backgrounds. Chico Science was born to a lower-middle-class family in the neighborhood of Rio Doce in the city of [[Olinda]].<ref name=":0" /> His influences came from music he heard while attending baile funk parties as a youth and included early [[Rapping|rap]], [[Hip hop music|hip-hop]], [[Rock music|rock]] and [[Soul music|soul]] such as, [[James Brown]], [[Curtis Mayfield]], [[Funkadelic]], [[The Sugarhill Gang|Sugar Hill Gang]], [[Kurtis Blow]], and [[Grandmaster Flash|Grand Master Flash]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Afropop Worldwide {{!}} Crabs With Brains: The Mangue Revolution and New Sounds of Recife|url=https://afropop.org/audio-programs/crabs-with-brains-the-mangue-revolution-new-sounds-of-recife|access-date=2021-12-22|website=Afropop Worldwide|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Galinsky|first=Philip|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315023977|title=Maracatu Atomico|date=2013-12-16|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-71721-5|pages=31}}</ref> Having grown up being surrounded by regional folk music he also was heavily influenced by music of Recife such as [[maracatu]], ciranda, embolada, and [[Coco (music)|côco]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Galinsky|first=Philip|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315023977|title=Maracatu Atomico|date=2013-12-16|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-71721-5|pages=32}}</ref> Chico with his friend, Jorge du Peixe, joined several groups; Legião Hip Hop, [[Chico Science|Orla Orbe, and Loustal]], before finding and meeting members of Lamento Negro, a bloco afro specializing in [[Samba reggae|samba-reggae]], in 1990 and forming what would be [[Nação Zumbi|CSNZ]].<ref name=":1" />

Mundo Livre S/A was based in the neighborhood of Candeias, a wealthy area of [[Olinda]]. While the band members themselves weren't wealthy, they were all firmly middle class as opposed to Chico Science and members of Nação Zumbi.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Galinsky|first=Philip|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315023977|title=Maracatu Atomico|date=2013-12-16|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-71721-5|pages=37}}</ref> Lead singer Fred 04, described the idea for the band as "a fusion, a bridge between Johnny Rotten [of the punk band. the Sex Pistols] and Jorge Ben [a pioneering Brazilian pop musician who fuses funk. soul. and samba] and Moreira da Silva [a samba musician from the 1930s and '40s], understand? .... It would be a type of new wave but very Brazilian, really very Brazilian, that would be identified neither as rock nor as MPB [an acronym for Música Popular Brasileira, "Brazilian Popular Music"]".<ref>{{Cite book|last=Galinsky|first=Philip|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315023977|title=Maracatu Atomico|date=2013-12-16|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-71721-5|pages=39}}</ref>

When first hearing Chico Science in a mashup performance of Loustal and Lamento Negro, he thought the combination of the local/global juxtaposition, as well as the difference in geographical location, could launch what would become the Mangue movement into something that would highlight Recife's diversity.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Aaron.|first=Clark, Walter|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/827207112|title=From tejano to tango : Latin American popular music|date=2013|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-136-53680-9|pages=202|oclc=827207112}}</ref>