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Maurice Halbwachs
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==Personal life and death== He was married to Yvonne Basch, who introduced Halbwachs to her father, the president of the League for the Defense Human Rights and also influenced him to join the Jewish religion (he was born Catholic).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Halbwachs, Maurice (1877–1945) {{!}} Encyclopedia.com |url=https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/halbwachs-maurice-1877-1945 |access-date=2023-10-06 |website=www.encyclopedia.com}}</ref> He had a son, [[Pierre Halbwachs]], who influenced [[Gilles Deleuze|Deleuzian theory]] in the 1940s. A longtime [[socialist]], Halbwachs was detained by the [[Gestapo]] in Paris in July, 1944<ref name="Friedmann Mueller 1946"/> after protesting the arrest of his Jewish father-in-law.<ref>{{cite book|last=Novick|first=Peter|title=The Holocaust in American Life|year=1999|publisher=Mariner Books|location=New York|isbn=978-0618082322|page=3}}</ref> He was deported to the concentration camp,<ref name="Friedmann Mueller 1946"/> [[Buchenwald]], where he died of [[dysentery]] in February<ref name="Friedmann Mueller 1946"/> 1945.<ref>Jorge Semprun: Schreiben oder Leben (Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 1995), pp. 28 ff.</ref> In 1940, Halbwachs' brother in-law, Georges Basch committed suicide. His parents in-law Victor and Mme Basch aged 84 years old at the time were murdered by Germans.<ref name="Friedmann Mueller 1946"/> Part of his books were offered by his widow to the library of the ''Centre d'études sociologiques'' and are now held at the [[Human and Social Sciences Library Paris Descartes-CNRS]]. In 1950, his work on collective memory was published posthumously by his daughter.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.buchenwald.de/en/1219/|title = Maurice Halbwachs - Buchenwald Memorial}}</ref>
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