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===''Chiru'' or red ru fish=== [[File:南山經-赤鱬.svg|thumb|left|The ''chiru'' or "red ru fish".{{right|{{small|― Hu Wenhuan 胡文焕 (fl. 1596–1650). ''Shanhaijing tu'' 山海經圖 ("Illustrations to the Classic of Mountains and Seas", 16th century).}}{{Refn|group="lower-alpha"|A close copy of this woodcut occurs in Wu Renchen's edition of 1667.<ref name="wu_renchen1667-chiru"/>}}}}]] The {{interlanguage link|chiru|zh|赤鱬|lt=''chiru''}} ({{lang|zh|赤鱬}}; "red ru fish".<ref name="shanhaijing-strassberg-chiru-redrufish"/> Wade–Giles: ''ch'ih-ju''; "red ju"{{sfnp|Schiffeler|1977|p=120}}) is described in the ''Nan Shan Jing'' ("Classic of the Southern Mountains") as a human-headed fish. It is said to be found in the Qingqushan ({{lang|zh|青丘山}} "Green-Hills Mountains") in the Pool-of-Yi (Yì zhī zé {{lang|zh|翼之澤}}; "Carp-Wings Lake"). It is described as basically fish-form but having a human face, and issuing sounds like the [[mandarin duck]]. Eating it purportedly prevented [[scabies]] or itchy skin.<ref name="shanhaijing01southern"/><ref name="shanhaijing-strassberg-chiru-redrufish"/> The illustration of the ''chiru'' from China may have influenced the legless, human-faced fish visualization of some of the ''ningyo'' in Japan, according to the hypothesis of {{interlanguage link|Morihiko Fujisawa|ja|藤澤衛彦}}.{{sfnp|Fujisawa|1925|p=26}}
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