Editing Methanogenesis (section)

===Reverse methanogenesis===
Some organisms can oxidize methane, functionally reversing the process of methanogenesis, also referred to as the [[anaerobic oxidation of methane]] (AOM). Organisms performing AOM have been found in multiple marine and freshwater environments including methane seeps, hydrothermal vents, coastal sediments and sulfate-methane transition zones.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Ruff|first1=S. Emil|last2=Biddle|first2=Jennifer F.|last3=Teske|first3=Andreas P.|last4=Knittel|first4=Katrin|last5=Boetius|first5=Antje|last6=Ramette|first6=Alban|date=2015-03-31|title=Global dispersion and local diversification of the methane seep microbiome|journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America|volume=112|issue=13|pages=4015–4020|doi=10.1073/pnas.1421865112|issn=1091-6490|pmc=4386351|pmid=25775520|bibcode=2015PNAS..112.4015R|doi-access=free}}</ref> These organisms may accomplish '''reverse methanogenesis''' using a nickel-containing protein similar to [[Coenzyme-B sulfoethylthiotransferase|methyl-coenzyme M reductase]] used by methanogenic archaea.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1155/2017/1654237 |title=Reverse Methanogenesis and Respiration in Methanotrophic Archaea |date=2017 |last1=Timmers |first1=Peer H. A. |last2=Welte |first2=Cornelia U. |last3=Koehorst |first3=Jasper J. |last4=Plugge |first4=Caroline M. |last5=Jetten |first5=Mike S. M. |last6=Stams |first6=Alfons J. M. |journal=Archaea |volume=2017 |pages=1–22 |doi-access=free |pmid=28154498 |pmc=5244752 |hdl=1822/47121 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> Reverse methanogenesis occurs according to the reaction:
: {{chem|SO|4|2−}} +  CH<sub>4</sub>   →   {{chem|HCO|3|−}}  + HS<sup>−</sup> + H<sub>2</sub>O<ref>{{cite journal  |vauthors=Krüger M, Meyerdierks A, Glöckner FO, etal |title=A conspicuous nickel protein in microbial mats that oxidize methane anaerobically |journal=Nature |volume=426 |issue=6968 |pages=878–81 |date=December 2003 |pmid=14685246 |doi=10.1038/nature02207 |bibcode = 2003Natur.426..878K |s2cid=4383740 }}</ref>