Editing Milos (section)

===Dorian settlement===
{{Annotated image
| image = Milos.jpg
| caption = The approximate location of the ancient Dorian city, prior to the siege of 416 BC.<ref>Based on a map by Brian Sparkes, published in {{harvp|Renfrew|Wagstaff|1982}}.</ref>
| header=
| image-width = 300
| image-left =
| image-top =
| align = right
| width = 300
| height = 
| annot-font-size = 16
| annot-text-align = center
| annotations =
{{Annotation|130|95| '''★''' | text-align=right | font-size=16 | background-color= | color=#66FF00}}
}}
The first Dorian settlement on Melos was established no earlier than the 1st millennium BC. [[Dorians]] are the ethnic group to which the [[Spartans]] belonged, but the Dorian settlers of Melos made themselves independent. They eventually established a city whose site lies on the eastern shore of the bay, just south-west of the present-day community of [[Trypiti]].

From the 6th century BC up to the siege of 416 BC, Melos issued its own coinage, struck according to the [[Miletus|Milesian]] weight standard: the base coin was the ''[[stater]]'' which weighed just over 14 grams.<ref>Brain Sparkes, in {{harvp|Renfrew|Wagstaff|1982}}, p 230: "Melian coins of the late sixth and fifth centuries are of silver [...] and based on the Milesian weight standard."</ref><ref>{{harvp|Gardner|1918}}: "Already, in the sixth century, Melos struck coins on a different standard from that of most of the other islands of the Aegean, the stater weighing about 224 grains (grm. 14.50). Certain coins of the Santorin find (p. 122) are not of Aeginetan but of this Phoenician weight."</ref><ref>According to the website of Robert J. O'Hara (http://rjohara.net/coins/history/), a Lydo-Milesian ''stater'' weighed 14.10 grams.</ref> Melos was the only island in the Aegean Sea to use this standard.<ref>Brain Sparkes, in {{harvp|Renfrew|Wagstaff|1982}}, p 47</ref> Most coins bore the image of an apple, which is a pun because the ancient Greek word for "apple" (''mêlon'') sounded similar to the name of the island.<ref>{{harvp|Hill|1899|p=176}}</ref> The coins also often bore the name of its people: ΜΑΛΙΟΝ (''Malion'') or some abbreviation thereof.<ref>Brain Sparkes, in {{harvp|Renfrew|Wagstaff|1982}}, p 230</ref>

By the 6th century BC, the Melians had also learned to write, and they used an archaic variant of the [[Archaic Greek alphabets|ancient Greek script]] that exhibited [[Crete|Cretan]] and [[Thera]]ic influences. It was discarded after the siege of 416 BC.<ref>Brain Sparkes, in {{harvp|Renfrew|Wagstaff|1982}}</ref>
{|class="wikitable"
|-
!||[[Α]]||[[Β]]||[[Γ]]||[[Δ]]||[[Ε]]||[[Ϝ]]||[[Ζ]]
![[Η]]||''[[Heta (letter)|Η]]''||[[Θ]]||[[Ι]]||[[Κ]]||[[Λ]]||[[Μ]]||[[Ν]]
![[Ξ]]||[[Ο]]||[[Pi (letter)|Π]]||[[Ϻ]]||[[Ϙ]]||[[Ρ]]||[[Sigma|Σ]]||[[Τ]]||[[Υ]]
![[Φ]]||[[Χ]]||[[Ψ]]||[[Ω]]
|-
![[Laconia]]<br/>(Sparta)
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Alpha 09}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Beta 15}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Gamma 02}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Delta 03}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Epsilon 04}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Digamma oblique}}{{GrGl|Digamma normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Zeta archaic}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | –
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Eta archaic}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Theta archaic straight}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Iota normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Kappa normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Lambda normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Mu 02}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Nu archaic}}
| style="background-color: #FFB0B0 !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Chi normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Omicron normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Pi rounded}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | –
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | 
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Rho 01}}{{GrGl|Rho 03}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Sigma Z-shaped}}{{GrGl|Iota 04}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Tau normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Upsilon Twig-shaped}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Phi normal}}
| style="background-color: #FFB0B0 !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Psi straight}}{{GrGl|Chi 05}}
| style="background-color: #FFB0B0 !important; color: black !important;" | (φσ)
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | –
|-
![[Attica]]<br/>(Athens)
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Alpha 06}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Beta 15}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Gamma 02}}{{GrGl|Gamma 09}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Delta normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Epsilon 04}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Digamma oblique}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Zeta archaic}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | –
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Eta archaic}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Theta archaic straight}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Iota normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Kappa normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Lambda Athenian}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Mu 06}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Nu archaic}}
| style="background-color: #D0D0FF !important; color: black !important;" | (χσ)
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Omicron normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Pi archaic}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | –
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Koppa normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Rho 01}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Sigma Z-shaped}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Tau normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Upsilon Twig-shaped}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Phi normal}}
| style="background-color: #D0D0FF !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Chi normal}}
| style="background-color: #D0D0FF !important; color: black !important;" | (φσ)
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | –
|-
![[Melos]]
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Alpha 04}}
| style="background-color: #B0B0B0 !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Beta 05}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Gamma 07}}<br/>{{GrGl|Gamma 03}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Delta normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Epsilon 04}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | –
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Zeta archaic}}
| style="background-color: #FFFF90 !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Eta normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Eta normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Theta archaic straight}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Iota Z-shaped}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Kappa 04}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Lambda 09}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Mu 04}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Nu archaic}}
| style="background-color: #E0FFE0 !important; color: black !important;" | (κϻ)
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Gamma C-shaped}}<br/>{{GrGl|Omicron normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Pi archaic}}
| style="background-color: #B0B0B0 !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Mu 03}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Koppa normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Rho 01}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | –
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Tau normal}}
| style="background-color: white !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Upsilon V-shaped}}
| style="background-color: #E0FFE0 !important; color: black !important;" | (π''h'')
| style="background-color: #E0FFE0 !important; color: black !important;" | (κ''h'')
| style="background-color: #E0FFE0 !important; color: black !important;" | (πϻ)
| style="background-color: #FFFF90 !important; color: black !important;" | {{GrGl|Omicron normal}}
|-
|}
[[File:5th century BC Melian stater.jpg|thumb|upright|A Melian ''stater'' from the 5th century.]]
[[File:Triton Theseus Louvre MNC746.jpg|thumb|upright|Melian [[terracotta]] relief depicting Triton and Theseus.]]
From at least as early as 470 BC and ending with the siege of 416 BC, the Melians exported [[Melian reliefs|terracotta reliefs]], which were typically use as door or chest ornaments and depicted scenes from mythology.

During the [[second Persian invasion of Greece]] in 480 BC, the Melians refused to submit to [[Persia]] and contributed two warships to the Greek war effort, which were used at the [[Battle of Salamis]].<ref>Herodotus. ''The Histories'', 46-48: "The [[Serifos|Seriphians]], [[Sifnos|Siphnians]], and Melians also took part, since they were the only islanders who had not given earth and water to the barbarian. [...] All of these came to the war providing [[trireme]]s, except the Melians and Siphnians and Seriphians, who brought fifty-oared boats. The Melians (who are of [[Laconia (ancient region)|Lacedaemonian]] stock) provided two; the Siphnians and Seriphians, who are [[Ionians]] from [[Athens]], one each. The total number of ships, besides the fifty-oared boats, was three hundred and seventy-eight."</ref> After the battle, the Melians returned to their traditional isolationism.<ref>Brain Sparkes, in {{harvp|Renfrew|Wagstaff|1982}}, p 49</ref>