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Minimal surface
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==Examples== [[File:Costa's Minimal Surface.png|thumb|[[Costa's minimal surface]]]] Classical examples of minimal surfaces include: * the [[plane (geometry)|plane]], which is a [[trivial (mathematics)|trivial]] case * [[catenoid]]s: minimal surfaces made by rotating a [[catenary]] once around its directrix * [[helicoid]]s: A surface swept out by a line rotating with uniform velocity around an axis perpendicular to the line and simultaneously moving along the axis with uniform velocity Surfaces from the 19th century golden age include: * [[Schwarz minimal surface]]s: [[Triply periodic minimal surface|triply periodic surfaces]] that fill <math>\R^3</math> * [[Riemann's minimal surface]]: A posthumously described periodic surface * the [[Enneper surface]] * the [[Henneberg surface]]: the first non-orientable minimal surface * [[Bour's minimal surface]] * the [[Neovius surface]]: a triply periodic surface Modern surfaces include: * the [[Gyroid]]: One of Schoen's surfaces from 1970, a triply periodic surface of particular interest for [[liquid crystal]] structure * the [[Saddle tower]] family: generalisations of [[Scherk surface|Scherk's second surface]] * [[Costa's minimal surface]]: Famous conjecture disproof. Described in 1982 by [[Celso Costa]] and later visualized by [[James Hoffman|Jim Hoffman]]. Jim Hoffman, David Hoffman and William Meeks III then extended the definition to produce a family of surfaces with different rotational symmetries. * the [[Chen–Gackstatter surface]] family, adding handles to the Enneper surface.
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