Editing Moldavian Magnate Wars (section)

===1593–1595===
[[File:Lesseur-Hetman Żółkiewski.jpg|thumb|left|Hetman [[Stanisław Żółkiewski]] participated in the Moldavian campaign and the [[battle of Cecora (1595)|battle of Cecora of 1595]], near the [[Prut]] river.]]
In 1593, war between the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburgs started. In 1594 a very strong Tatar raid, carried out by about 20,000–30,000 men led by the [[List of Crimean khans|Khan]] of [[Crimean Khanate|Crimea]], [[Ğazı II Giray]] (Gazi Gerej II), plundered [[Pokucie]] and moved to Hungary through mountain passes, in order to plunder Habsburg lands. Commonwealth troops gathered too late to intercept it. The [[List of rulers of Transylvania|Prince]] of [[Transylvania]], [[Sigismund Báthory]] (Zsigmond Báthory), nephew of former Polish king [[Stefan Batory]] (István Báthory), had strengthened Habsburg influence in Moldavia after setting [[Ștefan Răzvan]] (Stefan Rozwan) on the Moldavian throne. Ștefan Răzvan was a [[Romani people|Roma]] from [[Wallachia]] (his father had been an Ottoman Muslim Roma, therefore not a slave) and had married a Moldavian noblewoman (his story was the basis of a play by 19th-century [[Romania]]n writer and historian [[Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu]]).

A pro-Polish hospodar was mostly tolerated by the [[Ottoman Porte|Porte]] when the Commonwealth was anti-Habsburg or neutral. Therefore, when [[Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor|Emperor Rudolf II]]'s forces gained control of Moldavia, Transylvania ({{langx|pl|Siedmiogród}}) and started supporting [[Mihai Viteazul]] ({{langx|pl|Michał Waleczny}}), prince of [[Wallachia]], the Ottomans didn't look too favourably at the Commonwealth's meddling.

In 1595 Zamoyski, persuaded by Moldavian refugees, decided to intervene. The Commonwealth forces (numbering ~7,000–8,000 soldiers) under hetman Jan Zamoyski crossed the [[Dniester]], defeated local opposition (while Transylvanian troops retreated to their own country) and Ottoman reinforcements, and set [[Ieremia Movilă]] on the Moldavian throne as a Commonwealth vassal. This was seen by many as a very dangerous step because the Ottomans were preparing to place their own candidate on the Moldavian throne. Zamoyski contacted [[grand vizier]] [[Sinan Pasha]] and negotiated with the Ottoman governor on the [[Black Sea]] island of [[Tyahyn]] (near the [[Dnieper]] river) and convinced them of his peaceful intentions and that he did not want to fight with the Ottoman Empire. However, the Khan of Crimea, Ğazı II Giray, reacted and entered Moldavia with about 20,000 men (but no cannons and few [[janissaries]]). Zamoyski fortified his camp near [[Cecora]] at [[Prut]] river, withstood a [[Battle of Cecora (1595)|three-day siege]] (17–20 October), and managed to obtain an agreement with the Ottoman Empire that recognized Movilă as hospodar ([[Treaty of Cecora]]). Moldavia became the Commonwealth's [[vassal]] and paid [[tribute]] to Constantinople at the same time (this is known as [[Condominium (international law)|condominium]]—territory under rule of two sovereign powers). Not satisfied with this, previous hospodar Ștefan Răzvan invaded Moldavia, but his troops were crushed by Zamoyski and Răzvan was [[Impalement|impaled]] by Movilă.