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Multicast address
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==IPv6== {{transcluded section|IPv6 address#IPv6-multicast-address-format}} Multicast addresses in [[IPv6]] use the prefix {{IPaddr|ff00::|8}}.{{Ref RFC|4291}} {{trim|{{#section:IPv6 address|IPv6-multicast-address-format}}}} Based on the value of the flag bits, IPv6 multicast addresses can be '''Unicast-Prefix-based Multicast Addresses''',{{Ref RFC|3306}} '''Source-Specific Multicast Addresses''',{{Ref RFC|3306}} or '''Embedded RP IPv6 Multicast Addresses'''.{{Ref RFC|3956}} Each of these types of multicast addresses have their own format and follow specific rules. Similar to a [[unicast]] address, the ''prefix'' of an IPv6 multicast address specifies its scope, however, the set of possible scopes for a multicast address is different. The 4-bit ''scope'' field (bits 12 to 15) is used to indicate where the address is valid and unique. {| class="wikitable" |+Multicast address scope !IPv6 address<ref group=note>''x'' is a place holder indicating that the value of the ''flags'' field is unimportant in the current discussion.</ref> !IPv4 equivalent{{Ref RFC|2365|rsection=8}} !Scope{{Ref RFC|7346}} !Purpose |- |{{mono|ffx0::/16, ffxf::/16}} | |Reserved |- |{{mono|ffx1::/16}} | |Interface-local |Packets with this destination address may not be sent over any network link, but must remain within the current node; this is the multicast equivalent of the unicast [[loopback address]]. |- |{{mono|ffx2::/16}} |{{mono|224.0.0.0/24}} |Link-local |Packets with this destination address may not be routed anywhere. |- |{{mono|ffx3::/16}} |{{mono|239.255.0.0/16}} |Realm-Local scope{{Ref RFC|7346}} |Local multicast particular to a network technology |- |{{mono|ffx4::/16}} | |Admin-local |The smallest scope that must be administratively configured. |- |{{mono|ffx5::/16}} | |Site-local |Restricted to the local physical network. |- |{{mono|ffx8::/16}} |{{mono|239.192.0.0/14}} |Organization-local |Restricted to networks used by the organization administering the local network. (For example, these addresses might be used over [[VPN]]s; when packets for this group are routed over the public internet (where these addresses are not valid), they would have to be encapsulated in some other protocol.) |- |{{mono|ffxe::/16}} |{{mono|224.0.1.0-238.255.255.255}} |Global scope |Eligible to be routed over the public internet. |} The service is identified in the ''group ID'' field. For example, if {{IPaddr|ff02::101}} refers to all [[Network Time Protocol]] (NTP) servers on the local network segment, then {{IPaddr|ff08::101}} refers to all NTP servers in an organization's networks. The ''group ID'' field may be [[IPv6 address#Multicast address format|further divided]] for special multicast address types. ===Notable IPv6 multicast addresses=== The following table is a list notable IPv6 multicast addresses that are registered with IANA.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.iana.org/assignments/ipv6-multicast-addresses/ipv6-multicast-addresses.xhtml |title=IPv6 Multicast Address Space Registry |publisher=[[Internet Assigned Numbers Authority]]}}</ref> To be included in some of the below multicast groups a client must send a [[Multicast Listener Discovery]] (MLD), a component of [[ICMPv6]] suite, to join that group.{{Ref RFC|5110}} For example, to listen to {{IPaddr|ff02::1:ff28:9c5a}}, a client must send a MLD report to the router, containing the multicast address, to indicate that it wants to listen to that group.{{Ref RFC|2710}} {| class="wikitable" ! Address ! Description |- | {{mono|ff02::1}} | All nodes on the local network segment |- | {{mono|ff02::2}} | All routers on the local network segment |- | {{mono|ff02::5}} | [[OSPFv3]] All SPF routers |- | {{mono|ff02::6}} | OSPFv3 All DR routers |- | {{mono|ff02::8}} | [[IS-IS]] for IPv6 routers |- | {{mono|ff02::9}} | [[Routing Information Protocol|RIP]] routers |- | {{mono|ff02::a}} | [[EIGRP]] routers |- | {{mono|ff02::d}} | [[Protocol Independent Multicast|PIM]] routers |- | {{mono|ff02::12}} | [[Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol]] (VRRP) version 3 |- | {{mono|ff02::16}} | [[MLDv2]] reports{{Ref RFC|3810}} |- | {{mono|ff02::1:2}} | All [[DHCPv6]] servers and relay agents on the local network segment{{Ref RFC|8415}} |- | {{mono|ff02::1:3}} | All [[LLMNR]] hosts on the local network segment{{Ref RFC|4795}} |- | {{mono|ff05::1:3}} | All DHCPv6 servers on the local network site{{Ref RFC|8415}} |- | {{mono|ff0x::c}} | [[Simple Service Discovery Protocol#Protocol transport and addressing|Simple Service Discovery Protocol]] |- | {{mono|ff0x::fb}} | [[Multicast DNS]] |- | {{mono|ff0x::101}} | [[Network Time Protocol]] |- | {{mono|ff0x::108}} | [[Network Information Service]] |- | {{mono|ff0x::181}} | [[Precision Time Protocol]] (PTP) version 2 messages (Sync, Announce, etc.) except peer delay measurement |- | {{mono|ff02::6b}} | [[Precision Time Protocol]] (PTP) version 2 peer delay measurement messages |- | {{mono|ff0x::114}} | Used for experiments |}
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