Editing Mycobacterium tuberculosis (section)

=== Culture ===
[[File:Slant tubes of Löwenstein-Jensen medium with control, M tuberculosis, M avium and M gordonae.jpg|thumb|upright=0.6|Slant tubes of Löwenstein-Jensen medium. From left to right:{{unordered list|item_style=margin-bottom: 0|Negative control|''M. tuberculosis'': Dry-appearing colonies|''[[Mycobacterium avium complex]]'': Wet-appearing colonies|''[[M. gordonae]]'': Yellowish colonies}}]]
[[File:Mycobacteria Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) samples in ultraviolet light.jpg|thumb|150px|[[Mycobacteria growth indicator tube]] samples emitting fluorescence in ultraviolet light]]
''M. tuberculosis'' can be grown in the laboratory. Compared to other commonly studied bacteria, ''M. tuberculosis'' has a remarkably slow growth rate, doubling roughly once per day. Commonly used [[Growth medium|media]] include liquids such as [[Middlebrook 7H9 Broth|Middlebrook 7H9]] or 7H12, egg-based solid media such as [[Löwenstein–Jensen medium|Lowenstein-Jensen]], and solid agar-based such as [[Middlebrook 7H11 Agar|Middlebrook 7H11]] or [[Middlebrook 7H10 Agar|7H10]].<ref name=":1" /><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Mousavi-Sagharchi |first=Seyyed Mohammad Amin |last2=Ghorbani |first2=Atousa |last3=Meskini |first3=Maryam |last4=Siadat |first4=Seyed Davar |date=2025-03-01 |title=Historical examination of tuberculosis; from ancient affliction to modern challenges |url=https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S1876034124003836 |journal=Journal of Infection and Public Health |volume=18 |issue=3 |pages=102649 |doi=10.1016/j.jiph.2024.102649 |issn=1876-0341|doi-access=free }}</ref> Visible colonies require several weeks to grow on agar plates. [[Mycobacteria growth indicator tube]]s can contain a gel that emits fluorescent light if mycobacteria are grown. It is distinguished from other mycobacteria by its production of [[catalase]] and [[Niacin (substance)|niacin]].<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7812/|title=Medical Microbiology|vauthors=McMurray DN|date=1996|publisher=University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston|isbn=978-0963117212|veditors=Baron S|edition=4th|location=Galveston (TX)|pmid=21413269|chapter=Mycobacteria and Nocardia|access-date=5 September 2017|archive-date=12 February 2009|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090212202626/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/bv.fcgi?rid=mmed.section.1833|url-status=live}}</ref> Other tests to confirm its identity include [[gene probe]]s and [[MALDI-TOF]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Bicmen C, Gunduz AT, Coskun M, Senol G, Cirak AK, Ozsoz A | title = Molecular detection and identification of mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and four clinically important nontuberculous mycobacterial species in smear-negative clinical samples by the genotype mycobacteria direct test | journal = Journal of Clinical Microbiology | volume = 49 | issue = 8 | pages = 2874–78 | date = August 2011 | pmid = 21653780 | pmc = 3147717 | doi = 10.1128/JCM.00612-11}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Saleeb PG, Drake SK, Murray PR, Zelazny AM | title = Identification of mycobacteria in solid-culture media by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry | journal = Journal of Clinical Microbiology | volume = 49 | issue = 5 | pages = 1790–94 | date = May 2011 | pmid = 21411597 | pmc = 3122647 | doi = 10.1128/JCM.02135-10}}</ref>