Editing Nephritis (section)

==Mechanism==
[[File:Renin-angiotensin system in man shadow.svg|150 px|thumb|Renin–angiotensin system]]
Nephritis can produce glomerular injury, by disturbing the glomerular structure with inflammatory cell proliferation.<ref>{{Cite web|title = Glomerular Diseases|url = http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/glomerular-diseases/Pages/facts.aspx|website = www.niddk.nih.gov|access-date = 2015-06-15}}</ref> This can lead to reduced glomerular blood flow, leading to reduced urine output ([[oliguria]])<ref>{{cite web|title=Oliguria: Background, Etiology, Epidemiology|url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/983156-overview|website=Medscape|publisher=eMedicine|access-date=23 July 2016}}</ref> and retention of waste products ([[uremia]]).<ref>{{Cite web|title = uremia {{!}} accumulation in the blood of constituents normally eliminated in the urine that produces a severe toxic condition and usually occurs in severe kidney disease|url = http://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/uremia|website = www.merriam-webster.com|access-date = 2015-06-14}}</ref> As a result, red blood cells may leak out of damaged glomeruli, causing blood to appear in the urine ([[hematuria]]).<ref>{{Cite web|title = Hematuria (Blood in the Urine)|url = http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/urologic-disease/hematuria-blood-in-the-urine/Pages/facts.aspx|website = www.niddk.nih.gov|access-date = 2015-06-14}}</ref>

Low renal blood flow activates the [[renin–angiotensin system|renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system]] (RAAS), causing fluid retention and mild [[hypertension]].<ref>{{Cite book|title = Johns Hopkins Internal Medicine Board Review: Certification and Recertification|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=m3iwi7Wix8kC&pg=PA51 |publisher = Elsevier Health Sciences|date = 2012-02-20|isbn = 978-0323087988|language = en|first1 = Bimal|last1 = Ashar|first2 = Redonda|last2 = Miller|first3 = Stephen|last3 = Sisson|first4 = Johns Hopkins|last4 = Hospital}}</ref> As the kidneys inflame, they begin to excrete needed protein from the affected individual's body into the urine stream. This condition is called [[proteinuria]].<ref>{{Cite web|title = Proteinuria|url = http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/health-topics/kidney-disease/proteinuria/Pages/facts.aspx|website = www.niddk.nih.gov|access-date = 2015-06-14}}</ref>

Loss of necessary protein due to nephritis can result in several life-threatening symptoms. The most serious complication of nephritis can occur if there is significant loss of the proteins that keep blood from clotting excessively. Loss of these proteins can result in blood clots, causing sudden stroke.<ref>{{Cite book|title = The Lupus Encyclopedia: A Comprehensive Guide for Patients and Families|url = https://books.google.com/books?id=8V2RAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA205 |publisher = JHU Press|date = 2014-05-22|isbn = 9781421409849|language = en|first = Donald E. Jr|last = Thomas}}</ref>