Editing Neutron diffraction (section)

===Early diffraction work===
Diffraction was first observed in 1936<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mason |first1=T. E. |last2=Gawne |first2=T. J. |last3=Nagler |first3=S. E. |last4=Nestor |first4=M. B. |last5=Carpenter |first5=J. M. |date=2013-01-01 |title=The early development of neutron diffraction: science in the wings of the Manhattan Project |url=https://journals.iucr.org/a/issues/2013/01/00/wl5168/index.html |journal=Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations of Crystallography |language=en |volume=69 |issue=1 |pages=37–44 |doi=10.1107/S0108767312036021 |issn=0108-7673 |pmc=3526866 |pmid=23250059}}</ref> by two groups, von Halban and Preiswerk <ref>{{Cite journal |last=H |first=Von Halban |date=1936 |title=Preuve Experimentale de la Diffraction des Neutrons |url=https://cir.nii.ac.jp/crid/1571135650793736832 |journal=Acad. Sci. Paris |volume=203 |pages=73–75}}</ref> and by Mitchell and Powers.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Mitchell |first1=Dana P. |last2=Powers |first2=Philip N. |date=1936-09-01 |title=Bragg Reflection of Slow Neutrons |url=https://journals.aps.org/pr/abstract/10.1103/PhysRev.50.486.2 |journal=Physical Review |volume=50 |issue=5 |pages=486–487 |doi=10.1103/PhysRev.50.486.2|bibcode=1936PhRv...50..486M |url-access=subscription }}</ref> In 1944, [[Ernest O. Wollan]], with a background in X-ray scattering from his PhD work<ref name="PhysicsTodayObit">
{{cite journal |last1=Snell |first1=A. H. |last2=Wilkinson |first2=M. K. |last3=Koehler |first3=W. C. |year=1984 |title=Ernest Omar Wollan |journal=[[Physics Today]] |volume=37 |issue=11 |page=120 |bibcode=1984PhT....37k.120S |doi=10.1063/1.2915947 |doi-access=free}}</ref> under [[Arthur Compton]], recognized the potential for applying thermal neutrons from the newly operational [[X-10 Graphite Reactor|X-10 nuclear reactor]] to [[crystallography]]. Joined by [[Clifford G. Shull]] they developed<ref>
{{cite book |last=Shull |first=C. G. |title=Nobel Lectures, Physics 1991–1995 |date=1997 |publisher=[[World Scientific Publishing]] |editor-last=Ekspong |editor-first=G. |pages=145–154 |chapter=Early Development of Neutron Scattering |chapter-url=https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1994/shull-lecture.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170519024556/https://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/1994/shull-lecture.pdf |archive-date=2017-05-19}}</ref> neutron diffraction throughout the 1940s. 

Neutron diffraction experiments were carried out in 1945 by [[Ernest O. Wollan]] using the Graphite Reactor at [[Oak Ridge National Laboratory|Oak Ridge]]. He was joined shortly thereafter (June 1946)<ref>{{cite journal |last=Shull |first=Clifford G. |date=1995-10-01 |title=Early development of neutron scattering |journal=Reviews of Modern Physics |publisher=American Physical Society (APS) |volume=67 |issue=4 |pages=753–757 |bibcode=1995RvMP...67..753S |doi=10.1103/revmodphys.67.753 |issn=0034-6861}}</ref> by [[Clifford Glenwood Shull|Clifford Shull]], and together they established the basic principles of the technique, and applied it successfully to many different materials, addressing problems like the structure of ice and the microscopic arrangements of magnetic moments in materials. For this achievement, Shull was awarded one half of the 1994 [[Nobel Prize in Physics]]. (Wollan died in 1984). (The other half of the 1994 Nobel Prize for Physics went to [[Bertram Brockhouse|Bert Brockhouse]] for development of the inelastic scattering technique at the [[Chalk River Laboratories|Chalk River facility]] of [[Atomic Energy of Canada|AECL]]. This also involved the invention of the triple axis spectrometer).