Editing Nicotine patch (section)

==History==
The first study of the [[pharmacokinetics]] of a transdermal nicotine patch in humans was published in 1984<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rose JE, Jarvik ME, Rose KD | title = Transdermal administration of nicotine | journal = Drug and Alcohol Dependence | volume = 13 | issue = 3 | pages = 209–13 | date = May 1984 | pmid = 6734425 | doi = 10.1016/0376-8716(84)90061-9 }}</ref> by [[Jed Rose (scientist)|Jed Rose]], [[Murray Jarvik]], and Daniel Rose, and was followed by publication by Rose et al. (1985) of results of a study of smokers showing that a transdermal nicotine patch reduced craving for cigarettes.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rose JE, Herskovic JE, Trilling Y, Jarvik ME | title = Transdermal nicotine reduces cigarette craving and nicotine preference | journal = Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics | volume = 38 | issue = 4 | pages = 450–6 | date = October 1985 | pmid = 4042528 | doi = 10.1038/clpt.1985.203 | s2cid = 19915646 }}</ref> Frank Etscorn filed a patent in the [[United States]] on January 23, 1985 and was issued the patent on July 1, 1986.<ref>{{ cite patent | country = US | number = 4597961 | status =  | title =  | pubdate = | gdate =  | fdate =  | pridate = | inventor =Etscorn, FT | invent1 =  | invent2 =  | assign1 =  | assign2 =  | class = }}</ref>  The University of California filed a competing patent application nearly three years after Etscorn's filing on February 19, 1988, which was granted on May 1, 1990.<ref>{{cite patent | country = US | number = 4920989 }}</ref> Subsequently, the U.S. Patent Office declared an interference action and, after a thorough review of conception, reduction to practice and patent filing dates, issued on September 29, 1993, a priority decision in favor of the Rose et al. patent.<ref>{{cite web|title=Adverse Decisions in Interference|url=http://www.uspto.gov/web/offices/com/sol/og/1995/week08/patadve.htm|access-date=25 November 2013|date=21 February 1995|publisher= Board of Patent Appeals & Interferences|author=OLIVIA M. DUVALL}}</ref>