Editing Northern flicker (section)

=== Yellow-shafted group ===
*The '''southern yellow-shafted flicker''' (''C.&nbsp;a.&nbsp;auratus'') resides in the southeastern United States from Florida to Virginia.<ref name="Pyle">{{cite book |last1=Pyle |first1=Peter |last2=Howell |first2=Steve N. G. |title=Identification Guide to North American Birds |date=1997 |publisher=Slate Creek Press |location=Bolinas, CA |isbn=0961894024 |page=201}}</ref> It is yellow under the tail and underwings and has yellow shafts on its primaries. It has a gray cap, a beige face, and a red bar at the [[nape]] of the neck. Males have a black mustache. ''Colaptes'' comes from the Greek verb ''colapt'', meaning "to peck"; {{Lang|la|auratus}} is from the Latin root {{Lang|la|aurat}}, meaning "gold" or "golden", and refers to the bird's underwings. As the [[List of U.S. state birds|state bird]] of [[Alabama]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.archives.state.al.us/emblems/st_bird.html |title=Alabama State Bird |access-date=2007-03-18 |date=2006-04-27 |work=Alabama Emblems, Symbols and Honors |publisher=Alabama Department of Archives & History |archive-date=2019-01-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190102071436/http://www.archives.state.al.us/emblems/st_bird.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> this subspecies is known by the common name "yellowhammer", a term that originated during the American Civil War to describe [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] soldiers from Alabama.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Record|first1=James|title=A Dream Come True: The Story of Madison County and Incidentally of Alabama and the United States|date=1970|publisher=John Hicklin Printing Company|location=Huntsville, Alabama|page=128}}</ref>
*The '''northern yellow-shafted flicker''' (''C.&nbsp;a.&nbsp;luteus''; formerly ''C.&nbsp;a.&nbsp;borealis'') resides from central Alaska throughout most of Canada to southern Labrador, Newfoundland, and the northeastern United States.
*The '''Cuban yellow-shafted flicker''' (''C.&nbsp;a.&nbsp;chrysocaulosus'') is restricted to [[Cuba]].
*The '''Grand Cayman yellow-shafted flicker''' (''C.&nbsp;a.&nbsp;gundlachi'') is restricted to [[Grand Cayman]] in the [[Cayman Islands]]. The subspecific epithet is named after Cuban naturalist [[Juan Gundlach]].