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November 8
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===1601–1900=== *[[1602]] – The [[Bodleian Library]] at the [[University of Oxford]] is opened to the public. *[[1605]] – [[Robert Catesby]], ringleader of the [[Gunpowder Plot]]ters, is killed. *[[1614]] – Japanese ''[[daimyō]]'' [[Dom Justo Takayama]] is exiled to the Philippines by shōgun [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]] for being Christian. *[[1620]] – The [[Battle of White Mountain]] takes place near [[Prague]], ending in a decisive [[Catholic]] victory in only two hours. *[[1644]] – The [[Shunzhi Emperor]], the third emperor of the [[Qing dynasty]], is enthroned in Beijing after the collapse of the [[Ming dynasty]] as the first Qing emperor to rule over China. *[[1745]] – [[Charles Edward Stuart]] invades England with an army of approximately 5,000 that would later participate in the [[Battle of Culloden]]. *[[1837]] – [[Mary Lyon]] founds Mount Holyoke Female Seminary, which later becomes [[Mount Holyoke College]]. *[[1861]] – [[American Civil War]]: The "[[Trent Affair]]": The {{USS|San Jacinto|1850|6}} stops the British mail ship ''Trent'' and arrests two [[Confederate States of America|Confederate]] envoys, sparking a diplomatic crisis between the UK and US. *[[1889]] – [[Montana]] is admitted as the 41st [[U.S. state]]. *[[1892]] – The [[1892 New Orleans general strike|New Orleans general strike]] begins, uniting [[African American|black]] and [[White people|white]] American [[trade union]]ists in a successful four-day general [[strike action]] for the first time. *[[1892]] – The [[Carmaux-Bons Enfants bombing]] marks the start of [[Émile Henry (anarchist)|Émile Henry]]'s attacks into the ''[[Ère des attentats]]'' (1892-1894).<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/ocm43706446 |title=Regards populaires sur la violence |date=2000 |publisher=Publications de l'Université de Saint-Etienne |isbn=978-2-86272-180-4 |editor-last=Piarotas |editor-first=Mireille |series=Travaux / Centre interdisciplinaire d'études et de recherches sur l'expression contemporaine |location=Saint-Etienne |pages=141–142 |oclc=ocm43706446}}</ref> *[[1895]] – While experimenting with electricity, [[Wilhelm Röntgen]] discovers the [[X-ray]].
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