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Nubi language
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====Consonants==== Sources:<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;" ! colspan="2" | ! [[Bilabial consonant|Bilabial]] ! [[Dental consonant|Dental]] ! [[Alveolar consonant|Alveolar]] ! [[Postalveolar consonant|Post<br>alveolar]] ! [[Velar consonant|Velar]] ! [[Uvular consonant|Uvular]] ! [[Pharyngeal consonant|Pharyngeal]] ! [[Glottal consonant|Glottal]] |- ! colspan="2" | [[Nasal stop|Nasal]] | {{IPAlink|m}} | | {{IPAlink|n}} | {{IPAlink|ɲ}} |({{IPAlink|ŋ}}) | | | |- ! rowspan="2" | [[Plosive]]/<br>[[Affricate]] !{{small|voiceless}} | {{IPAlink|p}} | | {{IPAlink|t}} | {{IPAlink|tʃ}} | {{IPAlink|k}} |({{IPAlink|q}}) | |({{IPAlink|ʔ}}) |- !{{small|voiced}} | {{IPAlink|b}} | | {{IPAlink|d}} | {{IPAlink|dʒ}} | {{IPAlink|ɡ}} | | | |- ! rowspan="2" | [[Fricative]] !{{small|voiceless}} | {{IPAlink|f}} |({{IPAlink|θ}}) | {{IPAlink|s}} | {{IPAlink|ʃ}} |({{IPAlink|x}}) | |({{IPAlink|ħ}}) | {{IPAlink|h}} |- !{{small|voiced}} | {{IPAlink|v}} |({{IPAlink|ð}}) | {{IPAlink|z}} | | | | | |- ! colspan="2" | [[Rhotic consonant|Rhotic]] | | | {{IPAlink|r}} |({{IPAlink|ɽ}}) | | | | |- ! colspan="2" | [[Lateral consonant|Lateral]] | | | {{IPAlink|l}} | | | | | |- ! colspan="2" | [[Approximant]] | {{IPAlink|w}} | | | {{IPAlink|j}} |({{IPAlink|w}}) | | | |} Speakers may use [[Arabic phonology|Standard Arabic phonemes]] for words for which the Arabic pronunciation has been learned. The [[Retroflex consonant|retroflex]] version of the /r/ sound may also occur and some dialects use /l/ in its place. [[Gemination|Geminates]] are very unusual in Nubi. These less common phonemes are shown in brackets.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> Ineke Wellens gives the following orthography for Nubi where it differs from the IPA symbols: /{{IPA|ʃ}}/ = sh; /t{{IPA|ʃ}}/ = ch; /{{IPA|dʒ}}/ = j; /{{IPA|ɲ}}/ = ny; /w/ = w or u; /j/ = y or i; /{{IPA|θ}}/ = th; /{{IPA|ð}}/ = dh; /x/ = kh; /{{IPA|ħ}}/ = ḥ.<ref name=":1" />
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