Editing October 8 (section)

===1601–1900===
*[[1645]] &ndash; [[Jeanne Mance]] opens the first lay hospital of North America in [[Montreal]].
*[[1813]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Ried]] is signed between Bavaria and Austria.
*[[1821]] &ndash; The [[Peruvian Navy]] is established during the War of Independence.
*[[1829]] &ndash; [[Stephenson's Rocket]] wins [[Rainhill Trials|the Rainhill Trials]].
*[[1856]] &ndash; The [[Second Opium War]] between several western powers and China begins with the ''Arrow'' Incident.
*[[1862]] &ndash; [[American Civil War]]: The Confederate invasion of Kentucky is halted at the [[Battle of Perryville]].
*[[1871]] &ndash; [[Slash-and-burn]] land management, months of drought, and the passage of a strong [[cold front]] cause the [[Peshtigo Fire]], the [[Great Chicago Fire]] and the [[Great Michigan Fire]]s to break out.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.minnesota.publicradio.org/features/200211/27_hemphills_peshtigofire/ |title=Peshtigo: a tornado of fire revisited |last=Hemphill |first=Stephanie |date=27 November 2002 |website=Minnesota Public Radio |access-date=16 August 2020 }}</ref>
*[[1879]] &ndash; [[War of the Pacific]]: The Chilean Navy defeats the Peruvian Navy in the [[Battle of Angamos]].
*[[1895]] &ndash; Korean [[Empress Myeongseong]] is [[Eulmi incident|assassinated]] by Japanese infiltrators.