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Open Game License
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===3rd Edition=== The OGL (v1.0a) was originally published by Wizards of the Coast in 2000 to license the use of portions of the third edition of ''[[Dungeons & Dragons]]'', via a [[System Reference Document]] (SRD), thus allowing third-party publishers to produce compatible material.<ref name=":11" /><ref name=":38" /><ref name=":39" /> The SRD "included the basic rules and elements of D&D, such as classes, monsters, spells, and magic items, enabling the creation of legal support products for the game".<ref name=":40" /> This move was spearheaded by [[Ryan Dancey]]<ref name=":11">{{cite web | last = Dancey | first = Ryan| author-link = Ryan Dancey | title = The Most Dangerous Column in Gaming| work = Interview with Ryan Dancey| publisher = Wizards of the Coast| date = 2002-02-28| url = http://www.wizards.com/dnd/article.asp?x=dnd/md/md20020228e| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20020404235238/http://www.wizards.com/dnd/article.asp?x=dnd/md/md20020228e| url-status = dead| archive-date = April 4, 2002| format = Interview |access-date = 2008-02-26}}</ref><ref name=":38">{{cite web|last=Cook |first=Monte |author-link=Monte Cook |title=The Open Game License as I See It |url=http://www.montecook.com/cgi-bin/page.cgi?mc_los_154 |access-date=2007-03-15 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070501052435/http://www.montecook.com/cgi-bin/page.cgi?mc_los_154 |archive-date=2007-05-01 }}</ref><ref name=":39">{{Cite web |last=Leonard |first=Andrew |date=March 10, 2000 |title=Dungeons & Dragons to go open-source? |url=https://www.salon.com/2000/03/10/dungeons/ |access-date=December 22, 2022 |website=[[Salon.com|Salon]] |language=en |archive-date=December 22, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221222031720/https://www.salon.com/2000/03/10/dungeons/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and it was "modeled on the various [[open-source license]]s used in the software industry".<ref name=":40" /> Publishers could also use the separate [[d20 System Trademark License]] to include a logo indicating compatibility. In an interview, Dancey stated:<blockquote>I think there's a very, very strong business case that can be made for the idea of embracing the ideas at the heart of the Open Source movement and finding a place for them in gaming. [...] One of my fundamental arguments is that by pursuing the Open Gaming concept, Wizards can establish a clear policy on what it will, and will not allow people to do with its copyrighted materials. Just that alone should spur a huge surge in independent content creation that will feed into the D&D network.<ref name=":11" /></blockquote>Academics Benoît Demil and Xavier Lecocq, in the economic journal ''Revue d'économie industrielle'', highlighted that a business goal of the OGL was to have competitors institutionalize a standardized rule system – "if WOTC could get more people in the industry to use the same system, players would learn only one system and be able to migrate from product to product and game to game without learning and transaction costs. While it would reduce the number of original gaming systems in the market, the idea was to increase the audience for everybody, especially for the leader. The ultimate goal was to establish 'd20' as a recognizable trademark, like 'VHS' or 'DVD'".<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last1=Demil |first1=Benoît |last2=Lecocq |first2=Xavier |date=2014-05-15 |title=The Rise and Fall of an Open Business Model |url=https://journals.openedition.org/rei/5803 |journal=Revue d'économie industrielle |language=en |issue=146 |pages=85–113 |doi=10.4000/rei.5803 |s2cid=145373814 |issn=0154-3229 |doi-access=free |access-date=December 21, 2022 |archive-date=January 11, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111172412/https://journals.openedition.org/rei/5803 |url-status=live }}</ref> In 2004, Wizards of the Coast addressed what would occur if the license was changed<ref name=":19">{{Cite web |date=January 6, 2023 |title=Dungeons & Dragons Community Holds Breath as Wizards of the Coast Prepares New OGL |url=https://comicbook.com/gaming/news/dungeons-dragons-ogl-leak-community-backlash-dnd/ |access-date=January 10, 2023 |website=ComicBook.com |language=en |archive-date=January 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230110025509/https://comicbook.com/gaming/news/dungeons-dragons-ogl-leak-community-backlash-dnd/ |url-status=live }}</ref> – the OGL "already defines what will happen to content that has been previously distributed using an earlier version, in Section 9. As a result, even if Wizards made a change you disagreed with, you could continue to use an earlier, acceptable version at your option. In other words, there's no reason for Wizards to ever make a change that the community of people using the Open Gaming License would object to, because the community would just ignore the change anyway".<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 26, 2004 |title=Open Game License: Frequently Asked Questions (Version 2.0) |url=http://www.wizards.com/default.asp?x=d20/oglfaq/20040123f |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040307094152/http://www.wizards.com/default.asp?x=d20/oglfaq/20040123f |archive-date=March 7, 2004 |access-date=December 21, 2022 |website=The d20 System |publisher=Wizards of the Coast}}</ref>
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