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Operation Bootstrap
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=== Increased living standards === Those able to secure a stable job as a result of Operation Bootstrap received higher wages than before, in fact, "The average real weekly salary in manufacturing increased from $18 for men and $12 for women in 1953 to $44 and $37 respectively in 1963."<ref>Pantojas-García, Emilio (1990). ''Development Strategies as Ideology: Puerto Rico's Export-Led Industrialization Experience''. Boulder: Lynee Rienner. p. 86.</ref> The increase in industrialization and manufacturing saw positive effects in other places, as new electric grids were built, new roads were paved in major cities, and major housing development was underway. As a result, life expectancy in Puerto Rico jumped almost 23 years.<ref name="here">{{Cite book|last=Ayala|first1=César J.|last2=Bernabe|first2=Rafael|title=Transformation and Relocation: Puerto Rico's Operation Bootstrap - North Carolina Scholarship|year=2007 |url=https://northcarolina.universitypressscholarship.com/view/10.5149/9780807895535_ayala/upso-9780807831137-chapter-10?rskey=n4qOja&result=2#upso-9780807831137-note-342|language=en|doi=10.5149/9780807895535_ayala|isbn=9780807831137 }}</ref>
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