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Organizing model
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==Internal versus external== According to Bill Fletcher and Richard W. Hurd, unions that employ the organizing model often try to apply the above tactics in "internal",<ref name="Fletcher"/> not just "external"<ref name="Fletcher" /> campaigns.<ref name="Fletcher" /> Indeed, many unions that employ the organizing model attempt to win a greater right to organize non-union workers through pressuring an employer through using current members' collective strength. Richard Hurd says that "Throughout the late 1980s the ''organizing model'' was used almost exclusively to apply to internal organizing;"<ref name="Hurd" /> however, "...by 1995 the ''organizing model'' concept was indiscriminately used to refer to both internal organizing to mobilize members and external organizing that promotes grassroots activism as a way to build support for union representation."<ref name="Hurd" /> There is debate as to the proper role of the organizing model and whether it should focus on internal or on external applications.<ref name="Fletcher" /> Bob Carter talks about the difference between internal organizing and external organizing in the context of the earliest British unions to use the organizing model.<ref name="Carter" /> Carter says that "...despite the core message of the American model β that organization, rather than recruitment as such, was primary β officers were given individual recruitment targets...placing an emphasis not so much on the changing nature of unionism but simply on short-term recruitment."<ref name="Carter" /> There is an apparent disconnect between employing the organizing model primarily for recruitment purposes and using the organizing model to facilitate better union conditions for pre-existing members of the union.<ref name="Carter" /> According to Fletcher and Hurd, exactly what constitutes internal organizing and what constitutes external organizing is unclear.<ref name="Fletcher" /> Jack Fiorito offers an argument about internal vs. external organizing in the context of British unions.<ref name="Fiorito" /> Fiorito says that external organizing is "...organizing in new areas...",<ref name="Fiorito" /> while internal organizing is "...recruitment in sites where the union has recognition..."<ref name="Fiorito" /> Fletcher and Hurd believe that the organizing model should be more focused on external, rather than internal, organizing,<ref name="Fletcher" /> and they cite "Organizing Locals"<ref name="Fletcher" /> as a good example of how that could be accomplished.<ref name="Fletcher" />
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