Editing Pagliacci (section)

==Performance history==
''Pagliacci'' received mixed critical reviews after its world premiere, but was instantly successful with the public{{sfn|Dryden|2007|pp=39–40}} and has remained so ever since. 

The UK premiere of ''Pagliacci'' took place at the [[Royal Opera House]], [[Covent Garden]], under the management of Sir [[Augustus Harris]] in London on 19 May 1893, supervised by the composer. [[Nellie Melba]] sang Nedda, with [[Fernando de Lucia]] as Canio and [[Mario Ancona]] as Tonio, M. Bonnard (Beppe) and Richard Green (Silvio). The conductor was [[Luigi Mancinelli]].{{sfn|Klein|1924|pp=110–111}}

The US premiere followed a month later at the [[Grand Opera House (Manhattan)|Grand Opera House]] in [[New York City|New York]] on 15 June 1893, conducted by [[Gustav Hinrichs]], with [[Selma Kronold]] (Nedda),  American tenor [[Agostino Montegriffo]] (Canio), and [[Giuseppe Campanari]] (Tonio).<ref>{{cite web |title=Pagliacci - Synopsis |website=Music With Ease |url=https://www.musicwithease.com/pagliacci-synopsis.html |access-date=20 June 2024}}</ref>{{sfn|Dryden|2007|p=61}} 

The 'old' [[Metropolitan Opera House (39th Street)|Metropolitan Opera House]] first staged the work on 11 December as a double-bill with ''[[Orfeo ed Euridice]]'', with the same cast as the London premiere with Melba in the role of Nedda, De Lucia as Canio, and Ancona as Tonio.<ref>{{cite web |website=Metropolitan Opera Archives |title=Met Performance CID:11620 - Orfeo ed Euridice, Pagliacci |url=https://archives.metopera.org/MetOperaSearch/record.jsp?dockey=0358289 |access-date=20 June 2024}} with review by [[William James Henderson|W. J. Henderson]] in ''[[The New York Times]]''</ref><ref>{{cite book |title= Pagliacci: Opera in Two Acts |series= G. Schirmer's collection of opera librettos |author= G. Schirmer |year=1963}}</ref> The Met again staged ''Pagliacci'' as a double-bill with the same cast and conductor, this time followed by ''Cavalleria rusticana'' on 22 December 1893 with [[Emma Calvé]] as Santuzza, conducted by [[Enrico Bevignani]].{{sfn|Sims|2007}}<ref>{{cite web |website=Metropolitan Opera Archives |title=Met Performance CID:11740 - Pagliacci, Cavalleria Rusticana |url=https://archives.metopera.org/MetOperaSearch/record.jsp?dockey=0358300 |access-date=20 June 2024}}</ref> The two operas have since been frequently performed in this double-bill, a pairing referred to in the operatic world colloquially as "Cav and Pag". 

The Belgian premiere (in a French translation) took place on 14 February 1895 ([[St. Valentine's day]]) at the [[Theatre de la Monnaie]], [[Brussels]], with [[Cecile Simonnet]] as Nedda, conducted by [[Philippe Flon]].<ref>{{cite web |website=lamonnaie.be |title=Paillasse (traduction de E. Crosti) |language=French |url=https://carmen.lamonnaie.be/pls/carmen/carmen3.produktievoorstelling?t=3&vid=595488&id=-1&sid=-1 |access-date=20 June 2024}}</ref>

In 1902, the opera received its French premiere at the [[Paris Opera]], with legendary tenor [[Jean de Reszke]] as Canio in what would be his last public performance, as he would later retire from the stage to focus on teaching and to spend more time with his family. <ref>{{Cite web |title=Jean de Reszke |url=https://www.historicaltenors.net/polish/dereszke1.html |access-date=2025-03-27 |website=www.historicaltenors.net}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=CLARA LEISER |url=https://archive.org/details/jeandereszkeandt000641mbp/page/n293/mode/2up?q=canio |title=JEAN DE RESZKE AND THE GREAT DAYS OF OPERA |date=1934 |publisher=MINTON,BALCH & COMPANY |others=Universal Digital Library}}</ref>

''Pagliacci'' was produced alone in [[Washington National Opera]]'s November 1997 production by [[Franco Zeffirelli]].{{sfn|Phillips-Matz|2006|p=196}} The re-organised [[New York City Opera]] presented ''Pagliacci'' in 2016 on a double bill with Rachmaninoff's ''[[Aleko (Rachmaninoff)|Aleko]]''.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/10/arts/music/review-new-york-city-opera-aleka-pagliacci.html | title=Review: Signs of Rebirth at New York City Opera | work=The New York Times |author=Anthony Tommasini|author-link=Anthony Tommasini| date=2016-09-09 | access-date=2017-02-19}}</ref>