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Paradoxical reaction
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===Antibiotics=== The paradoxical effect or [[Eagle effect]] (named after [[Harry Eagle]], who first described it) refers to an observation of an increase in survivors, seen when testing the activity of an [[antimicrobial]] agent.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Eagle H, Musselman AD | title = The rate of bactericidal action of penicillin in vitro as a function of its concentration, and its paradoxically reduced activity at high concentrations against certain organisms | journal = The Journal of Experimental Medicine | volume = 88 | issue = 1 | pages = 99β131 | date = July 1948 | pmid = 18871882 | pmc = 2135799 | doi = 10.1084/jem.88.1.99 }}</ref> Initially when an [[antibiotic]] agent is added to a culture media, the number of [[bacteria]] that survive drops, as one would expect. But after increasing the concentration beyond a certain point, the number of bacteria that survive, paradoxically, increases.{{citation needed|date=June 2024}}
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