Editing Pascal (programming language) (section)

===Pascal===
Pascal was influenced by the ALGOL W efforts, with the explicit goals of teaching programming in a [[structured programming|structured fashion]] and for the development of system software.<ref>{{Cite book|chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/10722581_1|doi = 10.1007/10722581_1|chapter = The Development of Procedural Programming Languages Personal Contributions and Perspectives|title = Modular Programming Languages|series = Lecture Notes in Computer Science|year = 2000|last1 = Wirth|first1 = Niklaus|volume = 1897|pages = 1–10|isbn = 978-3-540-67958-5}}</ref> A generation of students used Pascal as an introductory language in undergraduate courses. Other goals included providing a reliable and efficient tool for writing large programs,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Wirth |first1=N. |title=The Programming Language Pascal |journal=Acta Informatica |date=1971 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=35–63 |doi=10.1007/BF00264291|hdl=20.500.11850/68712 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> and bridging the canyon between scientific and commercial programming, as represented by the then-widespread languages Fortran and COBOL, with a general-purpose language.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Wirth |first1=N. |chapter=Recollections about the development of Pascal |title=History of programming languages---II |date=January 1996 |pages=97–120 |doi=10.1145/234286.1057812|isbn=0-201-89502-1 }}</ref>

One of the early successes for the language was the introduction of [[UCSD Pascal]], a version that ran on a custom [[operating system]] that could be ported to different platforms. A key platform was the [[Apple II]], where it saw widespread use as [[Apple Pascal]]. This led to Pascal becoming the primary [[high-level language]] used for development in the [[Apple Lisa]], and later, the [[Mac (computer)|Macintosh]]. Parts of the original [[Classic Mac OS|Macintosh operating system]] were hand-translated into [[Motorola 68000]] [[assembly language]] from the Pascal [[source code]].<ref>Hertzfeld, Andy. "[http://www.folklore.org/StoryView.py?project=Macintosh&story=Hungarian.txt&topic=Software%20Design&sortOrder=Sort%20by%20Date&detail=medium Hungarian folklore.org] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118082558/http://www.folklore.org/StoryView.py?project=Macintosh&story=Hungarian.txt&topic=Software%20Design&sortOrder=Sort%20by%20Date&detail=medium |date=2015-11-18}}: Macintosh Stories. Retrieved 2012-03-06.</ref>

The [[typesetting]] system [[TeX]] by [[Donald Knuth]] was written in [[WEB]], the original [[literate programming]] system, based on [[Digital Equipment Corporation|DEC]] [[PDP-10]] Pascal. Successful commercial applications like [[Adobe Photoshop]]<ref>https://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/adobe-photoshop-source-code/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140507131754/http://www.computerhistory.org/atchm/adobe-photoshop-source-code/ |date=2014-05-07}}, Adobe Photoshop Source Code</ref> were written in [[Macintosh Programmer's Workshop]] Pascal, while applications like [[Total Commander]], [[Skype]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.embarcadero.com/products/rad-studio/application-showcase|title=RAD Studio Application Showcase|date=2021-10-29}}</ref> and [[Macromedia Captivate]] were written in Delphi ([[Object Pascal]]). [[Apollo Computer]] used Pascal as the systems programming language for its operating systems beginning in 1980.

Variants of Pascal have also been used for everything from research projects to [[PC game]]s and [[embedded system]]s. Newer Pascal compilers exist which are widely used.<ref>[http://www.tiobe.com/index.php/content/paperinfo/tpci/ tiobe.com] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315012717/http://www.tiobe.com/index.php/content/paperinfo/tpci |date=2012-03-15}}, Programming Community Index for January 2011.</ref>