Editing Pericardiocentesis (section)

===Therapeutic pericardiocentesis===

==== Cardiac tamponade ====
Pericardiocentesis can be used to diagnose and treat [[cardiac tamponade]].<ref name=":4">{{Citation|last1=Gupta|first1=Pooja|title=Chapter 16 - The Pericardium and its Diseases|date=2014-01-01|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780124052062000168|work=Cellular and Molecular Pathobiology of Cardiovascular Disease|pages=297–314|editor-last=Willis|editor-first=Monte S.|place=San Diego|publisher=Academic Press|language=en|doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-405206-2.00016-8|isbn=978-0-12-405206-2|access-date=2020-12-03|last2=Ibrahim|first2=Amar|last3=Butany|first3=Jagdish|editor2-last=Homeister|editor2-first=Jonathon W.|editor3-last=Stone|editor3-first=James R.|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":5">{{Citation|last1=Jneid|first1=Hani|title=Chapter 6 - Pericardial Tamponade: Clinical Presentation, Diagnosis, and Catheter-Based Therapies|date=2008-01-01|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978032304841550008X|work=Critical Care Medicine (Third Edition)|pages=85–92|editor-last=Parrillo|editor-first=Joseph E.|place=Philadelphia|publisher=Mosby|language=en|doi=10.1016/b978-032304841-5.50008-x|isbn=978-0-323-04841-5|access-date=2020-12-03|last2=Maree|first2=Andrew O.|last3=Palacios|first3=Igor F.|editor2-last=Dellinger|editor2-first=R. Phillip|url-access=subscription}}</ref> [[Cardiac tamponade]] is a [[medical emergency]] in which excessive accumulation of fluid within the pericardium ([[pericardial effusion]]) creates increased pressure.<ref name=":7">{{Citation|last1=Fashoyin-Aje|first1=Lola A.|title=59 - Malignancy-Related Effusions|date=2020-01-01|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323476744000591|work=Abeloff's Clinical Oncology (Sixth Edition)|pages=863–873.e4|editor-last=Niederhuber|editor-first=John E.|place=Philadelphia|publisher=Elsevier|language=en|doi=10.1016/b978-0-323-47674-4.00059-1|isbn=978-0-323-47674-4|access-date=2020-12-03|last2=Brahmer|first2=Julie R.|s2cid=198374790 |editor2-last=Armitage|editor2-first=James O.|editor3-last=Kastan|editor3-first=Michael B.|editor4-last=Doroshow|editor4-first=James H.|url-access=subscription}}</ref> This prevents the heart from filling normally with blood. This can critically decrease the amount of blood that is pumped from the heart, causing [[obstructive shock]], which can be lethal. The removal of the excess fluid reverses this dangerous process, and is often the first treatment for cardiac tamponade due to its speed.<ref name=":7" />

==== Pericarditis ====
Pericardiocentesis can relieve the symptoms of [[pericarditis]].<ref name=":4" /><ref name=":5" /> There may be a normal amount of pericardial fluid, but [[inflammation]] still causes compression of the heart. Removal of some of this fluid reduces pressure on the heart.{{cn|date=March 2021}}