Editing Phelonion (section)

== Styles ==

There are two main styles of phelonion. Byzantine- or Greek-style phelonia are tailored to fit over the shoulders, while Russian-style phelonia (Фелонь, ''felon'') have a high, stiffened collar that covers the back of the head. There is also a shortened phelonion (Фелончик, ''felonchik'') that is worn by a [[Reader (liturgy)|reader]] at his [[tonsure|tonsuring]]. This ''small phelonion'' is still worn by [[altar server]]s in [[Old Believers]] churches. The Greek-style phelonion is, generally speaking, worn by those with a historical and geographical closer tie with the [[Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople|Patriarch of Constantinople]], which would include most [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox]] Christians in the Middle East, Greece, the Balkans, Romania, Bulgaria, as well as [[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church|Greek-Catholics]] and Orthodox in western Ukraine.

[[File:Vadersergistandhart.jpg|thumb|left|Russian-style phelonion seen from the back and front (Father Sergi Standhart of the [[Russian Orthodox Church]] in [[Amsterdam]]).]]

The Russian-style phelonion is used by the [[Russian Orthodox Church|Russian Orthodox]], [[Ukrainian Autocephalous Orthodox Church|Ukrainian Autocephalous]], [[Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)|Ukrainian Orthodox (Moscow Patriarchate)]], [[Polish Orthodox Church|Polish Orthodox]] churches, as well as the [[Orthodox Church in America]]. There is also a version used by some Ukrainian and Bulgarian Orthodox which is half-way between the Russian and Greek styles.

[[File:Meister der Aphentico-Kirche in Mistra 001.jpg|thumb|[[Fresco]] of St. Gregory of Tavromenion wearing the type of phelonion worn by bishops called the ''polystavrion'', as well as a white [[omophor]]. (14th century, [[Mistras]]).]]
[[File:Fr. Pavlo Smiling.jpg|thumb|[[Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church|Ukrainian Catholic]] priest wearing an [[Ukrainian embroidery|embroidered]] '''phelonion''' at a [[St. Joseph the Betrothed Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church|church in the United States]].]]
A [[bishop]] who wishes to serve a Divine Liturgy as a priest (''i.e.'', without the special rites and prayers of the Hierarchical Divine Liturgy) will sometimes vest in a phelonion instead of his [[sakkos]], but with the [[omophorion]] around his neck. This is also done in the [[Liturgy of St. James]].

In [[Oriental Orthodoxy]], the phelonion is often only clasped at the neck, and is thus more open than the Byzantine-style, resembling a Western [[cope]]. Its various names are ''phanolion'' ([[Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria|Coptic]]), ''paynā'' ([[Assyrian Church of the East|Assyrian]]), ''phayno'' ([[Syriac Orthodox Church|Syriac Orthodox]]), ''šurdzar'' ([[Armenian Orthodox Church|Armenian]]) and ''kāppā'' ([[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church|Ethiopian]]). These are worn by bishops as well as priests (the sakkos is not worn by priests).