Editing Phonetic complement (section)

==In Phono-Semantic Characters==
{{main|Phono-semantic}}
===In Chinese===
[[Chinese language|Chinese]] never developed a system of purely phonetic characters. Instead, about 90% of Chinese characters are compounds of a [[determinative]] (called a '[[Radical (Chinese character)|radical]]'), which may not exist independently, and a phonetic complement indicates the approximate pronunciation of the [[morpheme]]. However, the phonetic element is basic, and these might be better thought of as characters used for multiple near [[Homonym|homonyms]], the identity of which is constrained by the determiner. Due to [[Sound change|sound changes]] over the last several [[Millennium|millennia]], the phonetic complements are not a reliable guide to pronunciation. Also, sometimes it is not obvious at all where the phonetic complements reside, for instance, the phonetic complement in [[wikt:聽#Chinese|聽]] is 𡈼, in [[wikt:類#Chinese|類]] is 頪, and in [[wikt:勝#Chinese|勝]] is 朕, etc. 

===In Vietnamese===
''[[Chữ Nôm]]'' of [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]] is almost all constructed as phono-semantic characters, whose phonetic component and semantic component are usually individual unabridged Chinese characters (like the ''Chữ Nôm'' 𣎏 and 𣩂), instead of often radicals as in Sinographs.

===In Korean===
A handful of [[Korean language|Korean]] ''[[gukja]]'' are also constructed as phono-semantic characters, such as [[wikt:乭#Korean|乭]] (pronounced as 돌, dol) whose phonetic complement is the bottom 乙. 

===In Japanese===
Some of [[Japanese language|Japanese]] ''[[Kokuji]]'' are phono-semantic characters, like 働, 腺, 鑓, whose phonetic complement is 動, 泉, 遣 respectively.