Editing Phrygian mode (section)

== Modern Phrygian mode ==
In modern western music (from the 18th century onward), the Phrygian mode is related to the modern [[natural minor scale]], also known as the [[Aeolian mode]], but with the second scale degree lowered by a semitone, making it a minor second above the tonic, rather than a major second.

:<score sound="1"> {
\override Score.TimeSignature #'stencil = ##f
\relative c' {
  \clef treble \time 7/4
  e4^\markup { Modern E Phrygian mode } f g a b c d e2
} }
</score>
The following is the Phrygian mode starting on E, or E Phrygian, with corresponding [[tonality|tonal]] [[scale degrees]] illustrating how the modern [[major mode]] and [[Natural minor#Natural minor|natural minor mode]] can be altered to produce the Phrygian mode:
:{| style="text-align:center" cellpadding="3em"
|+ E Phrygian
| Mode: || E || F || G || A || B || C || D || E
|-
| Major: || 1 || {{music|flat}}2 || {{music|flat}}3 || 4 || 5 || {{music|flat}}6 || {{music|flat}}7 || 1
|-
| Minor: || 1 || {{music|flat}}2 || 3 || 4 || 5 || 6 || 7 || 1
|}

Therefore, the Phrygian mode consists of: root, minor second, minor third, perfect fourth, perfect fifth, minor sixth, minor seventh, and octave. Alternatively, it can be written as the pattern

: half, whole, whole, whole, half, whole, whole
In contemporary [[jazz]], the Phrygian mode is used over chords and sonorities built on the mode, such as the sus4({{music|flat}}9) chord (see [[Suspended chord]]), which is sometimes called a ''Phrygian suspended chord''. For example, a soloist might play an E Phrygian over an Esus4({{music|flat}}9) chord (E–A–B–D–F).

=== Phrygian dominant scale ===
A [[Phrygian dominant scale]] is produced by raising the third scale degree of the mode:

:{| style="text-align:center" cellpadding="3em"
|+ E Phrygian dominant
| Mode: || E || F || G{{music|sharp}} || A || B || C || D || E
|-
| Major: || 1 || {{music|flat}}2 ||3 || 4 || 5 || {{music|flat}}6 || {{music|flat}}7 || 1
|-
| Minor: || 1 || {{music|flat}}2 || {{music|sharp}}3 || 4 || 5 || 6 || 7 || 1
|}

The Phrygian dominant is also known as the '''Spanish [[gypsy scale]]''', because it resembles the scales found in [[flamenco]] and also the [[Berbers|Berber]] rhythms;{{r|Thomas_Academia}} it is the fifth mode of the [[harmonic minor]] scale. Flamenco music uses the Phrygian scale together with a modified scale from the Arab ''[[Arabic maqam|maqām Ḥijāzī]]''{{r|ModalInFlamencoWeb|Grove2001_Flamenco}} (like the Phrygian dominant but with a major sixth scale degree),{{Citation needed|date=March 2020|reason=Katz does not include this description}} and a bimodal configuration using both major and minor second and third scale degrees.{{r|Grove2001_Flamenco}}