Editing Pin grid array (section)

== Material ==

=== Ceramic ===
A ceramic pin grid array (CPGA) is a type of packaging used by [[integrated circuits]]. This type of packaging uses a ceramic substrate with pins arranged in a pin grid array. Some [[CPU]]s that use CPGA packaging are the AMD [[Socket A]] [[Athlon]]s and the [[Duron]].

A CPGA was used by AMD for Athlon and Duron processors based on Socket A, as well as some AMD processors based on [[Socket AM2]] and [[Socket AM2+]].  While similar form factors have been used by other manufacturers, they are not officially referred to as CPGA. This type of packaging uses a [[ceramic]] substrate with pins arranged in an array.

<gallery class="center">
File:VIA C3 C5XL CPGA.jpg|A 1.2&nbsp;GHz [[VIA C3]] microprocessor in a ceramic package
File:Pentium P54 Socket7 PGA.jpg|133&nbsp;MHz Pentium chip in a ceramic package 
</gallery>

=== Organic ===
[[File:AMD 754 - PGA ZIF demonstration - 2016.webm|thumb|Demonstration of a PGA-ZIF socket ([[Socket 754|AMD 754]])]]
An organic pin grid array (OPGA) is a type of connection for [[integrated circuit]]s, and especially [[Central processing unit|CPUs]], where the [[silicon]] [[Die (integrated circuit)|die]] is attached to a plate made out of an [[organic compound|organic]] [[plastic]] which is pierced by an array of [[pin]]s which make the requisite connections to the [[CPU socket|socket]].

<gallery class="center">
File:SL3A2down.JPG|The underside of a [[Celeron]]-400 in a PPGA
File:AMD Athlon XP 2000 - Socket A - OPGA.jpg|An OPGA CPU. Note the brown color – many OPGA parts are colored green. The die is in the center of the device, and the four gray circles are foam spacers to relieve pressure from the die, caused by the heat sink.
</gallery>

=== Plastic ===
[[File:UpSL3A2.JPG|thumb|left|180px|The topside of a [[Celeron]]-400 in a PPGA packing]]

Plastic pin grid array (PPGA) packaging was used by Intel for late-model Mendocino core [[Celeron]] processors based on [[Socket 370]].<ref name="ThompsonThompson2003">{{cite book|author1=Robert Bruce Thompson|author2=Barbara Fritchman Thompson|title=PC Hardware in a Nutshell: A Desktop Quick Reference|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kG8LcWfruOAC&pg=PT44|date=24 July 2003|publisher=O'Reilly Media, Inc.|isbn=978-0-596-55234-3|page=44}}</ref> Some pre-Socket 8 processors also used a similar form factor, although they were not officially referred to as PPGA.

[[File:Pentium 4 Underside Demonstrating PGA Socket.JPG|thumb|Underside of a [[Pentium 4]] in a PGA package]]