Editing Police corruption (section)

==Behavior==
{{See also|Police culture}}
Corrupted behavior can be caused by the behavioral change of the officer within the [[Police culture|police "subculture"]]. A [[subculture]] is a group of individuals within a culture that share the same attitudes and beliefs. Police officers within the department share the same norms and that new behavioral development can be attributed through psychological, sociological, and anthropological paradigms.<ref>{{cite web|url = http://www.sheldensays.com/policedeviance.htm|title = Police Deviance: How Law Enforcement Administrators Can Address Police Misconduct and Corruption|access-date = 5 April 2015|website = Shelden Says|last = Belmonte|first = Joseph|archive-date = 25 March 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150325130651/http://www.sheldensays.com/policedeviance.htm|url-status = live}}</ref>
* '''Psychological paradigm''': The psychological paradigm suggests that behavior is based and structured through an individual's early stages of life. Those attracted to the police occupation tend to be more "authoritarian". The authoritarian personality is characterized by conservative, aggressive, cynical, and rigid behaviors.<ref name=":0">Kappeler, V.E., Sluder, R. & Alpert G.P. (2010). Breeding Deviant Conformity The Ideology and Culture of Police. In Dunham R. G. & Alpert G. P. (Eds.) ''Critical Issues in policing. ''(PP. 266). Long Grove: Waveland Press.</ref> Corruption may involve profit or another type of material benefit gained illegally as a consequence of the officer's authority. Psychological corruption can be a part of a department's culture or from the certain individual.
* '''Sociological paradigm''': The sociological paradigm focuses on individual exposure to a police training academy, regular in-service training, and field experience all shape occupational character. Police learn how to behave, discretion, morals and what to think from their shared experiences with other police officers.<ref name=":0" /> New recruits develop definitions with their peers either positive or negative. These definitions are then reinforced, positively or negatively, by the rewards or punishments (either real or perceived) that follow their behavior.<ref>{{Cite journal|title = Applying Social Learning Theory|last1 = Chappell|first1 = Allison|date = 2004|journal = Deviant Behavior|doi = 10.1080/01639620490251642|last2 = Piquero|first2 = Alex|volume = 25|issue = 2|pages = 89–108|s2cid = 41331854}}</ref> For example, a new recruit may be given an order by his peer to arrest an individual sitting in the passenger seat for a DUI.{{what|date=January 2023}} This action can end up negatively or positively for the officer depending on how the situation is perceived by the court later on.
* '''Anthropological paradigm''': When an individual's social character is changed when an officer becomes part of the occupational culture. The term culture is often used to describe differences among large social groups where they share unique beliefs, morals, customs, and other characteristics that set them apart from other groups.<ref name=":0" /> Within the police culture, officers learn to be suspicious of the public. Police culture can also be quite racist, and shot through with assumptions about the criminal tendencies of certain minority groups, such as African Americans, or the competency of fellow officers from minority backgrounds,<ref>{{Cite book|title = Understanding Criminal Justice|last1 = Smith|first1 = P.D.|publisher = SAGE Publications Ltd.|year = 2005|location = London|page = 89|last2 = Natalier|first2 = K}}</ref> which can lead officers to make corrupted choices for personal benefits or gains.