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== Related concepts == {{Main|Title (property)|Business|Security}} Of the following, only sale and at-will sharing involve no [[encumbrance]]. {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- | colspan=2 width=15% | ! General meaning or description !! <!-- tracking column --> !! Actor !! Complementary notion !! Complementary actor |- ! colspan=2 | Sale | Giving of property or ownership, but in exchange for money (units of some form of currency). || || Seller || Buying || Buyer |- ! rowspan=5 style="border-right: 0px solid gray;" | Sharing ! rowspan=2 style="border-left: 0px solid gray;" | <span style="display: none">Sharing</span> | rowspan=2 | Allowing use of property, whether exclusive or as a joint operation. || || rowspan=2 | Host || Accommodation || Guest |- | || rowspan=2 | Tenancy || rowspan=2 | Tenant |- ! rowspan=2 width=7% | Rent | rowspan=3 | Allowing limited and temporary but potentially renewable, exclusive use of property, but in exchange for compensation. || || rowspan=2 | Renter |- | || rowspan=2 holiwis 8a| Lease || rowspan=2 | Lessee |- ! Licensure | || Licensor |- ! rowspan=3 style="border-right: 0px solid gray;" | Incorporeal division ! style="border-left: 0px solid gray;" | <span style="display: none">Incorporeal division</span> | Better known as [[Nonpossessory interest in land|nonpossessory interest]] or variation of the same notion, of which an instance may be given to another party, which is itself an incorporeal form of property. The particular interest may easily be destroyed once it and the property are owned by the same party. || || rowspan=3 colspan=3 {{N/A}} |- ! Share | Aspect of property whereby ownership or equity of a particular portion of all property (stock) ever to be produced from it may be given to another party, which is itself an incorporeal form of property. The share may easily be destroyed once it and the property are owned by the same party. || |- ! Easement | Aspect of property whereby the right of a particular use of it may be given to another party, which is itself an incorporeal form of property. The easement or use-right may easily be destroyed once it and the property are owned by the same party. || |- ! rowspan=3 style="border-right: 0px solid gray;" | Lien ! style="border-left: 0px solid gray;" | <span style="display: none">Lien</span> | Condition whereby unencumbered ownership of property is contingent upon completion of obligation; the property being collateral and associated with [[security interest]] in such an arrangement. || || Lienor || ''Lieneeship'' || Lienee |- ! Mortgage | Condition whereby while possession of property is achieved or retained, possession of it is contingent upon performance of obligation to somebody indebted to, and unencumbered ownership of it is contingent upon completion of obligation. The performance of obligation usually implies division of the principal into installments. || || Mortgagor || <span style="white-space: nowrap;">Mortgage-brokering</span> || <span style="white-space: nowrap;">Mortgage-broker</span> |- ! Pawn | Condition whereby while encumbered ownership of property is achieved or retained, encumbered ownership of it is contingent upon the performance of the obligation to somebody indebted to, and possession and unencumbered ownership of it is contingent upon completion of obligation. || || Pledge || Pawnbrokering || Pawnbroker |- ! colspan=2 | Collision<br />(Conflict) | Inability for property to be properly used or occupied due to scarcity or contradiction, the effective impossibility of sharing; possibly leading to eviction or the contrary, if the resolution is achieved rather than a stagnant condition; not necessarily involving or implying conscious dispute. || || colspan=3 {{N/A}} |- ! rowspan=2 colspan=2 | Security<br />(Ward) | rowspan=2 | Degree of resistance to or protection from harm, use, or taking; the property and any mechanisms of protection of it being ward. (Alternately, in finance, the word as a countable noun refers to proof of ownership of investment instruments or as an uncountable noun to collateral.) There may be an involvement of obscurities, camouflage, barriers, armor, locks, alarms, booby traps, homing beacons, automated recorders, decoys, weaponry, or sentinels. * With land, moats, trenches, or entire buildings may be involved. * With buildings or certain forms of transport, turrets may be involved. * With information, encryption, steganography, or self-destruct capability may be involved. * With communications reliability, channel-hopping may be involved, like immunity or attempt thereat from jamming. * With devices of proprietary design, the respective compositions may be more mangled, more convoluted, and more complex than functionality warrants, hence confusing or obscure for protective purposes (though possibly to conceal unapproved copying instead). * With contractual rights, retentions of collateral and risks of jeopardy of collateral may be involved. | || Securer || ''Protecteeship'' || Protectee |- | || Warden || colspan=2 | Ward |} === Violation === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- | width=15% | ! General meaning or description, the activities occurring in a way not beholden to the wishes of the owner !! width=10% | Committer |- ! Trespassing | Use of physical and usually but not necessarily only immovable property or occupation of it. || Trespasser |- ! Vandalism | Alteration, damage, or destruction of physical property or to the appearance of it. || Vandal |- ! Infringement | rowspan=2 | (Incorporeal analogy to trespassing.) Alteration or duplication of an instance of intellectual property, and publication of the respectively alternate or duplicate; the sample being the information in a medium or a device for which a [[Design|design plan]] predates and is the basis of [[Manufacturing|fabrication]]. || Infringer |- ! Violation | Violator |- ! Theft | Taking of property in a way that excludes the owner from it, or functional alteration of the property ownership. || Thief |- ! rowspan=2 | Piracy | The cognisant or incognisant reproduction and distribution of intellectual property and the possession of intellectual property that saw publication of its duplicates in the previous process. | rowspan="2" |Pirate |- | Infringement with the effect of lost profits for the owner or infringement involving profit or personal gain. |- ! Plagiarism | Publication of a work, whether it is intellectual property (perhaps copyrighted) or not, whether it is in public domain or not, without credit being afforded to the creator, as though the work is original in publication. || Plagiarist |} === Miscellaneous action === {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" |- | width=15% | ! General meaning or description !! width=10% | Committer |- ! Squatting | Occupation of property that is either unused and unkept or was abandoned, whether the property still has an owner. (If the property is owned and not left, then the squatting is trespassing if any usage not beholden to the wishes of the owner is done in the process.) || Squatter |- ! Reverse engineering | Discovery of how a device works, whether it is an instance of intellectual property (perhaps patented) or not, whether it is in the public domain, and how to alter or duplicate it without access to or knowledge of the corresponding design plan. || Reverse engineer |- ! Ghostwriting | Creation of a textual work, whereby another party is explicitly allowed to be credited as a creator in publication. || Ghostwriter |}
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