Editing Psittacula (section)

=== Alternative taxonomy ===
{{Cladogram
|caption=Phylogeny of the genus ''Psittacula'' based on a study by Michael Braun and coworkers published in 2019.<ref name=braun2019/>
|align=right
|cladogram={{Clade| style=font-size:80%;line-height:100%;width:400px;

|1={{clade
   |1={{clade
      |1=[[Blossom-headed parakeet]], ''Psittacula roseata''
      |2={{clade
         |1=[[Plum-headed parakeet]], ''Psittacula cyanophala''
         |2={{clade
            |1=[[Slaty-headed parakeet]], ''Psittacula himalayana''
            |2=[[Grey-headed parakeet]], ''Psittacula finschii''
            }}
         }}
      }}    
   |2={{clade
      |1={{clade
         |1=[[Layard's parakeet]], ''Psittacula calthrapae''
         |2=[[Blue-winged parakeet]], ''Psittacula columboides''
         }}
      |2={{clade
         |1={{clade
            |1={{clade
               |1=† [[Seychelles parakeet]], ''Psittacula wardi''
               |2=[[Alexandrine parakeet]], ''Psittacula eupatria''
               }}
            |2={{clade
               |1=[[Rose-ringed parakeet]], ''Psittacula krameri krameri''
               |2={{clade
                  |1=[[Echo parakeet]], ''Psittacula eques echo''|style1=background-color:#eeeeee;
                  |2={{clade
                     |1=Rose-ringed parakeet, ''Psittacula krameri manillensis''
                     |2=Rose-ringed parakeet, ''Psittacula krameri borealis''
                    }}
                  }}
               }}
            }}
         |2={{clade
            |1=[[Blue-rumped parrot]], ''Psittinus cyanurus''|style1=background-color:#bbedFF;
            |2={{clade
               |1={{clade
                  |1=[[Great-billed parrot]], ''Tanygnathus megalorynchos''|style1=background-color:#ddFFee;
                  |2=[[Azure-rumped parrot]], ''Tanygnathus sumatranus''|style2=background-color:#ddFFee;
                  }}
               |2={{clade
                  |1=[[Long-tailed parakeet]], ''Psittacula longicauda''
                  |2={{clade
                     |1=[[Red-breasted parakeet]], ''Psittacula alexandri alexandri''
                     |2={{clade
                        |1=[[Lord Derby's parakeet]], ''Psittacula derbiana''|style1=background-color:#eeeeee;
                        |2={{clade
                           |1=Red-breasted parakeet, ''Psittacula alexandri fasciata''
                           |2=Red-breasted parakeet, ''Psittacula alexandri abbotti''
                           }}
                        }}
                     }}
                  }}
               }}
            }}
         }}
      }}
   }}
}}
}}

Genetic evidence has found that the genus ''Psittacula'' is likely [[Paraphyly|paraphyletic]]; for example, genetic analysis has supported merging short-tailed parrots of the genus ''[[Tanygnathus]],'' ''[[Psittinus]],'' and the extinct ''[[Mascarene parrot|Mascarinus]]'' with ''Psittacula.''<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Podsiadlowski |first1=Lars |last2=Gamauf |first2=Anita |last3=Töpfer |first3=Till |date=2017 |title=Revising the phylogenetic position of the extinct Mascarene Parrot ''Mascarinus mascarin'' (Linnaeus 1771) (Aves: Psittaciformes: Psittacidae) |journal=Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution |volume=107 |pages=499–502 |doi=10.1016/j.ympev.2016.12.022 |pmid=28017858|bibcode=2017MolPE.107..499P }}</ref> A revised classification was proposed by Michael Braun and coworkers in 2019 that splits the genus ''Psittacula'' into multiple [[Monophyly|monophyletic]] genera in order to preserve ''Tanygnathus, Psittinus,'' and ''Mascarinus'' as distinct genera. After the proposed split, the only remaining species in ''Psittacula sensu stricto'' are ''P. derbiana'', ''P. caniceps'', and ''P. alexandri''.<ref name=braun2019>{{Cite journal |last1=Braun |first1=M.P. |last2=Datzmann |first2=T. |last3=Arndt |first3=T. |last4=Reinschmidt |first4=M. |last5=Schnitker |first5=H. |last6=Bahr |first6=N. |last7=Sauer-Gürth |first7=H. |last8=Wink |first8=M. |date=2019 |title=A molecular phylogeny of the genus ''Psittacula'' ''sensu lato'' (Aves: Psittaciformes: Psittacidae: ''Psittacula'', ''Psittinus'', ''Tanygnathus'', †''Mascarinus'') with taxonomic implications |journal=Zootaxa |pmid=31716534 |volume=4563 |issue=3 |pages=zootaxa.4563.3.8 |doi=10.11646/zootaxa.4563.3.8 |s2cid=91969786}}</ref> This is also the taxonomic system followed by the [[IUCN Red List]] and [[BirdLife International]]. The list of split or monophyletic genera and species (and any of their allied species) is displayed below:

*Genus '''''Himalayapsitta'''''
**[[Plum-headed parakeet]], ''Himalayapsitta cyanocephala''
**[[Grey-headed parakeet]], ''Himalayapsitta finschii''
**[[Slaty-headed parakeet]], ''Himalayapsitta himalayana''
**[[Blossom-headed parakeet]], ''Himalayapsitta roseata''
*Genus '''''Nicopsitta'''''
**[[Blue-winged parakeet]], ''Nicopsitta columboides''
**[[Layard's parakeet]], ''Nicopsitta calthrapae''
*Genus '''''Belocercus'''''
**[[Long-tailed parakeet]], ''Belocercus longicauda''
*Genus '''''Psittacula'''''
**[[Red-breasted parakeet]], ''Psittacula alexandri''
**[[Lord Derby's parakeet]], ''Psittacula derbiana''
**[[Nicobar parakeet]], ''Psittacula caniceps''
*Genus '''''Palaeornis'''''
**[[Alexandrine parakeet]], ''Palaeornis eupatria''
**†[[Seychelles parakeet]], ''Palaeornis wardi'' 
*Genus '''''Alexandrinus'''''
**[[Rose-ringed parakeet]], ''Alexandrinus krameri''
**†[[Newton's parakeet]], ''Alexandrinus exsul''  
**[[Echo parakeet]], ''Alexandrinus (eques) echo''
*Genus '''''Tanygnathus''''' 
**[[Great-billed parrot]], ''Tanygnathus megalorynchos''
**[[Blue-naped parrot]], ''Tanygnathus lucionensis''
**[[Blue-backed parrot]], ''Tanygnathus sumatranus''
**[[Black-lored parrot]], ''Tanygnathus gramineus''
*Genus '''''Psittinus'''''
**[[Blue-rumped parrot]], ''Psittinus cyanurus''
**[[Simeulue parrot]], ''Psittinus abbotti'' 
*Genus †'''''Mascarinus'''''
**†[[Mascarene parrot]], ''Mascarinus mascarin''
*Genus †'''''Lophopsittacus'''''
**†[[Mauritius grey parrot]], ''Lophopsittacus bensoni''

The extinct Mascarene grey parrot (''P. bensoni'') was not sampled in the study and has not been reclassified to ''Psittacula [[Sensu|sensu lato]]'' by the IUCN or BirdLife, so it is still classified in ''[[Lophopsittacus]]'' under this taxonomy and with the common name Mauritius grey parrot.<ref>{{Cite web |last=International) |first=BirdLife International (BirdLife |date=2016-10-01 |title=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: ''Lophopsittacus bensoni'' |url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/en |access-date=2021-03-27 |website=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |archive-date=2020-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304172225/https://www.iucnredlist.org/en |url-status=live }}</ref> The Nicobar parrot(''P. caniceps'') was also not sampled but kept in ''Psittacula'' by the authorities that incorporated this taxonomy.<ref>{{Cite web |last=International) |first=BirdLife International (BirdLife |date=2019-05-31 |title=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: ''Psittacula caniceps'' |url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/en |access-date=2021-03-27 |website=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species |archive-date=2020-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304172225/https://www.iucnredlist.org/en |url-status=live }}</ref>

The study has also found that the rose-ringed and red-breasted parrots are likely paraphyletic species themselves, and thus need to be split into multiple species.<ref name=braun2019/>