Editing Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (section)

=== Pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1) ===
[[File:E1 Subunit Ecoli.png|thumb|Pymol-generated image of E1 subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex in E. Coli]]

The E1 subunit, called the [[pyruvate dehydrogenase]] subunit, is either a homodimer (comprising two “α” chains, e.g. in ''[[Escherichia coli]]'') or a heterotetramer of two different chains (two “α” and  two “β” chains). A magnesium ion forms a 4-coordinate complex with three, polar amino acid residues (Asp, Asn, and Tyr) located on the alpha chain, and the [[Thiamine pyrophosphate|thiamine diphosphate]] (TPP) cofactor directly involved in [[decarboxylation]] of the [[pyruvate]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sgrignani |first1=J. |last2=Chen |first2=J. |last3=Alimonti |first3=A. |title=How phosphorylation influences E1 subunit pyruvate dehydrogenase: A computational study |journal=Scientific Reports |date=2018 |volume=8 |issue=14683 |page=14683 |doi=10.1038/s41598-018-33048-z |pmid=30279533 |pmc=6168537 |bibcode=2018NatSR...814683S |s2cid=52910721 |doi-access=free }}</ref><ref>[PBD ID: 2QTC] {{cite journal |last1=Kale |first1=S. |last2=Arjunan |first2=P. |last3=Furey |first3=W. |last4=Jordan |first4=F. |title=A dynamic loop at the active center of the Escherichia coli pyruvate dehydrogenase COMPLEX E1 component Modulates SUBSTRATE utilization and CHEMICAL communication with the E2 component |journal=Journal of Biological Chemistry |date=2007 |volume=282 |issue=38 |pages=28106–28116 |doi=10.1074/jbc.m704326200|pmid=17635929 |s2cid=25199383 |doi-access=free }}</ref>