Editing Reamer (section)

==Types==

=== Chucking reamer ===
[[File:Duplex-chucking-reamer-straight.webp|alt=Duplex Chucking Reamer|thumb|High Speed Steel Duplex Chucking Reamer with a Straight Shank <ref>{{Cite web|title=Chucking Reamers {{!}} Gammons Hoaglund|url=https://gammons.com/chucking-reamers|access-date=2020-07-22|website=gammons.com}}</ref>]]
Chucking reamers, or machine reamers, are the most common type of reamer used in lathes, drill presses, and screw machines that provide a smooth finish to the hole. They come in a variety of flutes and cuts (e.g. right hand cut, left hand spiral, straight flute) as well as different shank types. Chucking reamers can be manufactured with a straight shank or morse taper shank.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Chucking Reamers {{!}} Gammons Hoaglund|url=https://gammons.com/chucking-reamers|access-date=2020-07-15|website=gammons.com}}</ref>

===Adjustable hand reamer===
[[File:ReamerAdjustableHand.jpg|thumb|Adjustable hand reamer]]
An adjustable hand reamer can cover a small range of sizes. They are generally referenced by a letter which equates to a size range. The disposable blades slide along a tapered groove. The act of tightening and loosening the restraining nuts at each end varies the size that may be cut. The absence of any spiral in the flutes restricts them to light usage (minimal material removal per setting) as they have a tendency to [[Machining vibrations|chatter]]. They are also restricted to usage in unbroken holes. If a hole has an [[Axis of rotation|axial]] split along it, such as a split bush or a clamping hole, each straight tooth will in turn ''drop'' into the gap causing the other teeth to retract from their cutting position. This also gives rise to chatter marks and defeats the purpose of using the reamer to ''size'' a hole.

===Straight reamer===
A straight reamer is used to make only a minor enlargement to a hole. The entry end of the reamer will have a slight taper, the length of which will depend on its type. This produces a self centering action as it enters the raw hole. The larger proportion of the length will be of a constant diameter.

Reamed holes are used to create holes of precise circularity and size, for example with tolerances of -0/+0.02&nbsp;mm(.0008") This will allow the force fitting of locating dowel pins, which need not be otherwise retained in the body holding them. Other holes, reamed slightly larger in other parts, will fit these pins accurately, but not so tightly as to make disassembly difficult. This type of alignment is common in the joining of split crankcase halves such as are used in [[motorcycle]] motors and [[flat engine|boxer]] type engines. After joining the halves, the assembled case may then be line bored (using what is in effect a large diameter reamer), and then disassembled for placement of bearings and other parts. The use of reamed dowel holes is typical in any machine design, where any two locating parts have to be located and mated accurately to one another - typically as indicated above, to within 0.02&nbsp;mm or less than .001".

Another use of reamed holes is to receive a specialized bolt that has an unthreaded shoulder - also called a shoulder bolt. This type of bolt is commonly used to replace hot peened rivets during the [[seismic retrofit]] of structures.

====Hand reamer====
A hand reamer has a longer taper or ''lead in'' at the front than a machine reamer. This is to compensate for the difficulty of starting a hole by hand power alone. It also allows the reamer to start straight and reduce the risk of breakage. The flutes may be straight or spiral.

====Machine reamer====
[[File:ReamerMachineSpiral.jpg|thumb|Spiral fluted machine reamer]]
A machine reamer only has a very slight lead in. Because the reamer and work piece are pre-aligned by the machine there is  no risk of it wandering off course. In addition the constant cutting force that can be applied by the machine ensures that it starts  cutting immediately. Spiral flutes have the advantage of clearing the swarf automatically but are also available with straight flutes as the amount of swarf generated during a reaming operation should be very small.

===Rose reamer===
A rose reamer has no relief on the periphery and is offset by a front taper to prevent binding. They are secondarily used as softing reamers.

===Shell reamer===
Shell reamers are designed for reaming bearing and other similar items. They are fluted almost their whole length.

===Tapered reamer===
[[File:ReamerHandTaperPin.jpg|thumb|left|Four small tapered pin reamers]]
A precision tapered reamer is used to make a tapered hole to later receive a tapered pin.
A [[taper pin]] is a self tightening device due to the shallow angle of the taper. They may be driven into the tapered hole such that removal can only be done with a [[Ball-peen hammer|hammer]] and [[punch (engineering)#Pin or Drift|punch]]. They are ''sized'' by a number sequence (for example, a No.4 reamer would use No.4 taper pins).
Such precision joints are used in aircraft assembly and are frequently used to join the two or more wing sections used in a [[sailplane]]. These may be re-reamed one or more times during the aircraft's useful life, with an appropriately oversized pin replacing the previous pin.

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====Morse taper reamer====
[[File:ReamerMorseTaper3.jpg|thumb|No. 3 morse taper reamer]]
A morse taper reamer is used manually to finish morse taper sleeves. These sleeves are a tool used to hold machine cutting tools or holders in the spindles of machines such as a [[drill]] or milling machine. The reamer shown is a finishing reamer. A roughing reamer would have serrations along the flutes to break up the thicker chips produced by the heavier cutting action used for it.

===Combination reamer===
[[File:Comb-reamer.jpg|thumb|left|This combination reamer was made for a long run, tight tolerance electronic parts.]]

A combination reamer has two or more cutting surfaces. The combination reamer is precision ground into a pattern that resembles the part's multiple internal diameters. The advantage of using a combination reamer is to reduce the number of turret operations, while more precisely holding depths, internal diameters and concentricity. Combination reamers are mostly used in [[screw machine (automatic lathe)|screw machine]]s or second-operation [[lathe]]s, not with Computer Numerical Control ([[CNC]]) machines because [[G-code]] can be easily generated to profile internal diameters.

Combination reamers can be made out of cobalt, [[carbide]], or [[high speed steel]] tooling. When using combination reamers to ream large internal diameters made out of material with lower [[surface feet per minute]], carbide tips can be [[Braze welding|brazed]] onto a configured drill blank to build the reamer. Carbide requires additional care because it is very brittle and will chip if chatter occurs. It is common to use a [[drill bit]] or combination drill to remove the bulk of material to reduce wear, or the risk of the part pulling off on the combination reamer.

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===Tapered reamer (non-precision)===
[[File:Taper reamer K-442.jpg|thumb|alt=Taper reamer|A tapered reamer]]
A tapered reamer may be used for cleaning burrs from a drilled hole, or to enlarge a hole. The body of the tool tapers to a point. This type of reamer consists of a body which, typically, is up to 1/2&nbsp;inch in diameter, with a rod cross piece at the large end acting to form a handle. It is especially useful for working softer metals such as aluminum, copper, and mild steel. Another name for it is "maintenance reamer", referring to its use in the miscellaneous deburring and enlarging tasks often found in [[maintenance, repair, and operations|MRO]] work. A similar tool can be seen on select [[Swiss Army knife|Swiss Army knives]], such as the electrician model, to be used on conduit.