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==Usage== Red light camera usage is widespread in a number of countries worldwide.<ref name=Small/><ref name=Toronto>{{cite web |url=http://www.toronto.ca/transportation/redlight_cameras/faq.htm |title=Red Light Cameras FAQ |publisher=Toronto.ca |access-date=19 December 2010}}</ref> Netherlands-based Gatso presented red light cameras to the market in 1965,<ref name=History/> and red light cameras were used for traffic enforcement in Israel as early as 1969.<ref name=Retting2/> In the early 1970s, red light cameras were used for traffic enforcement in at least one jurisdiction in Europe.<ref name=Retting2/> Australia began to use them on a wide scale in the 1980s.<ref name=NCHRP>{{cite web |url=http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/nchrp/nchrp_syn_310.pdf |title=Impact of Red Light Camera Enforcement on Crash Experience |author=National Cooperative Highway Research Program |year=2003 |work=Transportation Research Board |access-date=17 December 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=How low can we go? |author=Clay Lucas |newspaper=The Age |location=Melbourne, Australia |date=10 July 2009 |page=9}}</ref> {{As of|2010|7|21|df=US}}, expansion of red light camera usage in Australia is ongoing.<ref>{{cite news |title=Dozens of new speed and red light cameras to go live in Victoria |author=Matt Johnston |url=http://www.news.com.au/national/dozens-of-new-speed-and-red-light-cameras-to-go-live-in-victoria/story-e6frfkvr-1225894817466 |newspaper=Herald Sun |date=21 July 2010 |access-date=17 December 2010}}</ref> In some areas of Australia, where the red light cameras are used, there is an online system to check the photograph taken of your vehicle if you receive a ticket.<ref name=SydTelegraph>{{cite news |title=See your red light, speed camera photo |url=http://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/news/see-your-red-light-speed-camera-photo/story-e6freuy9-1111117373605 |newspaper=The Daily Telegraph |location=Sydney, Australia |date=2 September 2008 |access-date=19 December 2010}}</ref> Singapore also began use of red light cameras in the 1980s,<ref name=NCHRP/> and installed the first camera systems during five years, starting in August 1986.<ref name=Lum/> In Canada, by 1998, red light cameras were in use in British Columbia and due to be implemented in Manitoba.<ref name=Small /> In Alberta, red light cameras were installed in 1999 in Edmonton<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.edmontonpolice.ca/TrafficVehicles/IntersectionSafetyCameras.aspx |title=Intersection Safety Cameras |work=Edmonton Police Service |access-date=22 March 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110313224415/http://www.edmontonpolice.ca/TrafficVehicles/IntersectionSafetyCameras.aspx |archive-date=2011-03-13 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and in 2001 in Calgary.<ref name=Bochner>{{cite journal |last1= Bochner |first1=B. |last2=Walden |first2=T |year=2010 |title=Effectiveness of Red Light Cameras |journal=ITE Journal |issue=May |page=23 |url= http://www.ite.org/itejournal/ |access-date=16 December 2010}}</ref> The UK first installed cameras in the 1990s,<ref name=NCHRP/> with the earliest locations including eight rail crossings in Scotland where there was greatest demand for enforcement of traffic signals due to fatalities.<ref name=Scotsman/> ===China=== ====Mainland China==== [[File:Pictures taken by red light camera.jpg|thumb|A set of pictures taken by a red light camera in [[Luannan County]], [[China]], the black car in the pictures ran the red light]] Red light camera usage is extensive in mainland China. {{as of |2007}}, approximately 700 intersections in [[Shenzhen]] were monitored for red light violations, speeding, or both.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=He|first1=Jie|last2=King|first2=Mark|last3=Watson|first3=Barry|last4=Rakotonirainy|first4=Andry|last5=Fleiter|first5=Judy|date=January 2013|title=Speed enforcement in China: National, provincial and city initiatives and their success|journal=Accident Analysis & Prevention|language=en|volume=50|pages=282–8|doi=10.1016/j.aap.2012.04.017|pmid=22579218}}</ref> China also has red light camera with facial recognition. Red light offenders, either pedestrian or motorbikers, are captured by a 7 megapixel camera. Within 20 minutes, a [[facial recognition system]] identifies personal information including family name, ID number and address which are displayed in the street on an advertising screen. This information can also be published on social media.<ref name="outride1">{{cite web | title=China Is Using Facial Recognition To Catch Jaywalkers | website=Outriders | date=2018-10-25 | url=https://outride.rs/en/china-is-using-facial-recognition-to-catch-jaywalkers/}}</ref> According to the owner, in less than four months, in [[Lianhua intersection in Shenzhen]], [[jaywalking]] were reduced from 1000 each day to 80.<ref name="outride1"/> ====Hong Kong==== Hong Kong introduced red light cameras in 1993.<ref name="autogenerated1">{{cite web | url=https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/law-crime/article/1925831/traffic-deaths-rise-hong-kong-gets-40-new-red-light-cameras |title = With traffic deaths on the rise, Hong Kong gets 40 new red light cameras|date = 2016-03-16}}</ref> In Hong Kong, where red light cameras are installed, signs are erected to warn drivers that cameras are present, with the aim of educating drivers to stop for signals.<ref name=Delfino>{{cite news |title=Warning for red light jumpers |author=Brendan Delfino |newspaper=The South China Morning Post |location=Hong Kong |date=27 September 1996 |page=8}}</ref> The number of red light cameras in Hong Kong doubled in May 2004, and digital red light cameras were introduced at intersections identified by the police and transport department as having the most violations and greatest risk. The digital cameras were introduced to further deter red-light running. As added assistance to drivers, some of the camera posts were painted orange so that drivers could see them more easily.<ref name=Michael/> By 2006, Hong Kong had 96 red light cameras in operation.<ref name=HongKong>{{cite news |title=Red light jumping accidents fall in Hong Kong |newspaper=Xinhua General News Service |date=23 December 2006}}</ref> By 2016 this number had risen to 195.<ref>{{cite web|title=New red light cameras in operation today|url=http://www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/201603/16/P201603160311.htm|publisher=Hong Kong Government|date=16 March 2016}}</ref> In Hong-Kong, penalty for the failure to comply with traffic signals is a HK$5,000 fine and three months' jail for a first offense. Penalty for other offenses are a HK$10,000 penalty and six-month term.<ref name="autogenerated1"/> In Hong-Kong, red light cameras helped reduce violation jumping by 43 to 55%.<ref name="autogenerated1"/> ===France=== [[File:Feu rouge avec radar avenue du Général Leclerc à Gif-sur-Yvette le 1er avril 2013 - 1.jpg|thumb|Red light camera experiment in [[Gif-sur-Yvette]]]] In France, red light cameras started use in 2009. Cameras catch drivers that fail to stop on a red light.<ref>{{cite web | title=Passage à l'orange et radar feu rouge : quel risque ? | website=Stages Points Permis | url=https://www.stagespointspermis.fr/636-l-points-de-permis-radar-feu-rouge-flash-orange.html | language=fr }}</ref> A removal of 4 points on the driving licence will occur.<ref name="fonctionnement1">{{cite web | title=Infographie – Fonctionnement du radar feu rouge et risque | website=Mutuelle Assurance MMA | url=https://www.mma.fr/zeroblabla/infographie-fonctionnement-radars-feu-rouge.html | language=fr}}</ref> New multipurpose camera might, such as the Mesta Fusion 2 have several simultaneous capacity in a single device, such as red light camera, [[Level crossing]] red light camera and speed camera.<ref name="autoplus1">{{cite web | title=Radars multifonctions : ils débarquent en force sur les routes en 2019 | website=Autoplus.fr | date=2019-04-03 | url=https://www.autoplus.fr/actualite/Radars-tourelles-Exces-de-vitesse-Feu-rouge-grille-Gilets-Jaunes-Securite-routiere-1537315.html | language=fr}}</ref> In a near future the might be able to also catch other infractions such as phone usage, failure to wear the seat belt wearing, or failure to maintain [[Assured clear distance ahead|safe distance between vehicle]].<ref name="autoplus1"/> Some insurance companies recommend to comply with regulation to avoid the fine. This implies a speed decrease when approaching a red light, considering it can switch to orange and then to red, avoiding acceleration when light is orange, using the brake (which turn on braking light) to communicate to followers the braking action, and keep the car before the red light stop line.<ref name="fonctionnement1"/> In the south east quarter of [https://www.mutuelles-pour-seniors.fr/mutuelle-ile-de-france France], red light cameras (MESTA 3000) are provided by [[Safran]]; their availability rate is 95%, taking into account road works and acts of vandalism. This availability is considered better than the one observed in Great Britain, Spain, the Netherlands, Switzerland and Germany according to a French National Assembly report.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.itsinternational.com/categories/enforcement/features/enforcement-suppliers-highlight-industry-best-practice/ | title=Enforcement suppliers highlight industry best practice}}</ref> ===Germany=== The first red light camera in Germany was operated in November 1960 the 15th in [[Frankfurt am Main]] with black and white photos.{{cn|date=August 2023}} Red light violations result in a fine of €90, and one penalty point is recorded on the driver's license . If the light has been red for more than one second when the violation occurs, the fine increases to €200, with two penalty points, and the offender's driving license is suspended for one month. In cases of immediate danger, the fine can rise to €320, or to €360 if a crash occurs. A stop line violation incurs a fine of only €10. If a driver in their probationary period runs a red light and is caught by a red-light camera, they are required to attend a compulsory retraining seminar (Aufbauseminar). Additionally, the probationary period is extended from two to four years. <ref>{{Cite web |title=An der roten Ampel geblitzt: Konsequenzen bei Rotlichtverstoß |url=https://www.hopkins.law/expertise/rote-ampel-geblitzt#rote-ampel-blitzer-in-der-probezeit |access-date=2024-12-16 |website=www.hopkins.law |language=de}}</ref> ===United Kingdom=== In the United Kingdom the authorities often refer to red-light cameras, along with speed cameras, as ''safety cameras''.<ref name=DfTCirc1>{{cite book|title=Use of Speed and Red-Light Cameras for Traffic Enforcement: Guidance on Deployment, Visibility and Signing|publisher=Department for Transport|isbn=978-0-11-552834-7|chapter-url=http://www2.dft.gov.uk/pgr/roadsafety/speedmanagement/pdfdftcirc0107.pdf|author=Department for Transport|edition=DfT Circular 01/2007|access-date=28 June 2011|page=2|chapter=Point 8|date=31 January 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614054212/http://www2.dft.gov.uk/pgr/roadsafety/speedmanagement/pdfdftcirc0107.pdf|archive-date=2011-06-14|url-status=dead}}</ref> They were first used in the early 1990s,<ref name=NSCP4yeareval1>{{cite book|title=The national safety camera programme Four-year evaluation report|date=December 2005|publisher=PA Consulting Group and CTS at UCL (University College London)|url=http://www2.dft.gov.uk/pgr/roadsafety/speedmanagement/nscp/nscp/coll_thenationalsafetycameraprog/ationalsafetycameraprogr4598.pdf|author1=Adrian Gains|author2=Michael Nordstrom|author3=Benjamin Heydecker|author4=John Shrewsbury.|access-date=28 June 2011|page=3|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617170413/http://www2.dft.gov.uk/pgr/roadsafety/speedmanagement/nscp/nscp/coll_thenationalsafetycameraprog/ationalsafetycameraprogr4598.pdf|archive-date=2011-06-17|url-status=dead}}</ref> with initial deployment by the Department for Environment, Transport and the Regions. All costs were paid by the local authority in which the individual camera was placed, and revenues accrued from fines were paid to the Treasury Consolidated Fund.<ref name=NSCP4yeareval1/> In 1998 the government handed the powers of collection to local road-safety partnerships,<ref name=NSCP4yeareval2/> comprising "... local authorities, Magistrates' Courts, the Highways Agency and the police."<ref name=NSCP4yeareval2>{{cite book|title=The national safety camera programme Four-year evaluation report|date=December 2005|publisher=PA Consulting Group and CTS at UCL (University College London)|url=http://www2.dft.gov.uk/pgr/roadsafety/speedmanagement/nscp/nscp/coll_thenationalsafetycameraprog/ationalsafetycameraprogr4598.pdf|author1=Adrian Gains|author2=Michael Nordstrom|author3=Benjamin Heydecker|author4=John Shrewsbury.|access-date=28 June 2011|page=4|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617170413/http://www2.dft.gov.uk/pgr/roadsafety/speedmanagement/nscp/nscp/coll_thenationalsafetycameraprog/ationalsafetycameraprogr4598.pdf|archive-date=2011-06-17|url-status=dead}}</ref> In a report, published in December 2005, there were a total of 612 red light cameras in England alone, of which 225 were in London.<ref name=NSCP4yeareval3>{{cite book|title=The national safety camera programme Four-year evaluation report|date=December 2005|publisher=PA Consulting Group and CTS at UCL (University College London)|url=http://www2.dft.gov.uk/pgr/roadsafety/speedmanagement/nscp/nscp/coll_thenationalsafetycameraprog/ationalsafetycameraprogr4598.pdf|author1=Adrian Gains|author2=Michael Nordstrom|author3=Benjamin Heydecker|author4=John Shrewsbury.|access-date=28 June 2011|page=113|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617170413/http://www2.dft.gov.uk/pgr/roadsafety/speedmanagement/nscp/nscp/coll_thenationalsafetycameraprog/ationalsafetycameraprogr4598.pdf|archive-date=2011-06-17|url-status=dead}}</ref> In the UK, failure to stop for a red light gives a £100 fine and adds 3 points on the driving license. Some police forces might also register motorists caught running a red light to educational courses.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rac.co.uk/drive/advice/cameras/traffic-light-cameras/ |title=Traffic light cameras: what you need to know |website=rac.co.uk}}</ref> ===United States=== {{Disputed section|date=July 2022}} {{Graph:Chart |type=area |width=240 |height=135 |xAxisTitle=Year |x=2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016 |yAxisTitle=People killed |y1=937,1009,939,957,946,813,900,914,772,686,681,719,696,704,711,786,811 |legend=People killed at red light |y1Title=USA, Source IIHS |colors=#806040c0 }} Source: IIHS<ref name="autogenerated2">{{cite web | title=New guidelines for automated enforcement programs emphasize safety amid rise in red-light-running crash deaths | website=IIHS-HLDI crash testing and highway safety | date=2018-07-24 | url=https://www.iihs.org/news/detail/new-guidelines-for-automated-enforcement-programs-emphasize-safety-amid-rise-in-red-light-running-crash-deaths}}</ref> [[File:Red Light Camera.jpg|right|thumb|Red light camera in Chicago, Il.]] Since the early 1990s, red light cameras have been used in the United States<ref name=NCHRP/> in 26 [[U.S. states]] and the [[District of Columbia]].<ref name=States>{{cite web |url=http://www.iihs.org/laws/auto_enforce_cities.aspx |title=Communities using red light and/or speed cameras |date=December 2010 |work=Insurance Institute for Highway Safety |access-date=20 December 2010}}</ref> Within some states, the cameras may only be permitted in certain areas. For example, in [[New York State]], the Vehicle and Traffic Law permits red light cameras only within cities with a population above 1 million (i.e. New York City), Rochester, Buffalo, Yonkers, and Nassau and Suffolk Counties.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://assembly.state.ny.us/Press/20090406/ |title=NYS Assembly press release: Assembly Authorizes Red Light Cameras in Nassau and Suffolk Counties, Buffalo, Rochester and Yonkers|access-date=20 September 2013}}</ref> In [[Florida]], a [[state law]] went into effect on 1 July 2010, which allows all municipalities in the state to use red light cameras on all state-owned rights-of-way and fine drivers who run red lights,<ref name=Burger/> with the aim of enforcing safe driving, according to then-Governor [[Charlie Crist]].<ref name=Wandall>{{cite web |url=http://www.themarkwandallfoundation.org/MEMORANDUM.pdf |title=Memorandum:Governor Crist Signs Legislation Creating the Mark Wandall Traffic Safety Act |author=Sterling Ivey |date=13 May 2010 |work=The Mark Wandall Foundation |access-date=7 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101116124622/http://www.themarkwandallfoundation.org/MEMORANDUM.pdf |archive-date=2010-11-16 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The name given to the state law is the [[Mark Wandall Traffic Safety Act]], named for a man who was killed in 2003 by a motorist who ran a red light.<ref name=Naples/> In addition to allowing the use of cameras, the law also standardizes driver fines.<ref name=Gainesville>{{cite news |title=Florida's deadly intersections took my husband |author=Melissa Wandall |url=http://www.gainesville.com/article/20090411/NEWS/904119974?p=all&tc=pgall&tc=ar |newspaper=The Gainesville Sun |date=11 April 2009 |access-date=7 January 2011}}</ref> Major cities throughout the US that use red light cameras include [[Atlanta]], [[Austin, Texas|Austin]], [[Baltimore]], [[Baton Rouge, Louisiana|Baton Rouge]], [[Chicago]], [[Dallas]], [[Denver]], [[Los Angeles, California|Los Angeles]], [[Memphis, Tennessee|Memphis]], [[New Orleans]], [[New York City]], [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]], [[Philadelphia]], [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]], [[Raleigh, North Carolina|Raleigh]], [[San Francisco]], [[Seattle]], [[Toledo, Ohio|Toledo]], and [[Washington, D.C.]]<ref name=States/> [[Albuquerque, New Mexico|Albuquerque]] has cameras, but in October 2011 local voters approved a ballot measure advising the city council to cease authorizing the red light camera program. The City of Albuquerque ended its red light program on 31 December 2011.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://thenewspaper.com/news/36/3604.asp |title=Albuquerque Voters Reject Red Light Cameras |date=5 October 2011 |access-date=18 November 2011 |publisher=thenewspaper.com}}</ref> In March 2017, the city of [[Chicago]] changed the period of time between when the light turns red and when the red-light camera is triggered (and a ticket issued) from 0.1 seconds to 0.3 seconds. The "grace period" in Chicago is now in line with other major American cities like [[New York City]] and [[Philadelphia]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Farivar |first=Cyrus |url=https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2017/03/red-light-camera-grace-period-goes-from-0-1-to-0-3-seconds-chicago-to-lose-17m/ |title=Red-light camera grace period goes from 0.1 to 0.3 seconds, Chicago to lose $17M |work=Ars Technica |date=2017-03-22 |access-date=2017-03-23}}</ref> Suppliers of red-light cameras in the US include: [[Affiliated Computer Services]] (ACS) State and Local Solutions, a Xerox company, of Dallas, Texas;<ref>{{cite news |title=Keeping an eye on red light runners |author=Carl Mario Nudi |url=http://www.bradenton.com/2009/07/23/1593682/keeping-an-eye-on-red-light-runners.html |newspaper=The Bradenton Herald |date=23 July 2009 |access-date=16 January 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101205202043/http://www.bradenton.com/2009/07/23/1593682/keeping-an-eye-on-red-light-runners.html |archive-date=2010-12-05 |url-status=dead }}</ref> American Traffic Solutions of Scottsdale, Arizona, 1/3 owned by Goldman Sachs;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://highwayrobbery.net/redlightcamslinksref.htm |title=Frequently Asked Questions, No. 34 |publisher=highwayrobbery.net |access-date=18 November 2011}}</ref><ref name=POS>{{cite press release |url=https://www.theautochannel.com/news/2009/10/01/479831.html |title=New York Voters Express Strong Support for Red Light Cameras |date=1 October 2009 |publisher=American Traffic Solutions |access-date=25 March 2019 }}</ref> Brekford International Corp., of Hanover, Maryland;<ref>{{cite press release |title=Brekford Corp. Expands into Traffic Photo Enforcement Industry |publisher=Brekford International Corp. |date=1 April 2010 |url=http://www.brekford.com/press_release/Press%20Release%20-%2004-01-2010.pdf |access-date=3 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326021150/http://www.brekford.com/press_release/Press%20Release%20-%2004-01-2010.pdf |archive-date=2012-03-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref> CMA Consulting Services, Inc. of Latham, New York;<ref>{{cite news |title=N.Y. red-light cameras may depend on lobbyist connections |author=Joseph Spector |url=https://www.usatoday.com/news/nation/2008-06-16-red-lights_N.htm |newspaper=USA Today |date=16 June 2008 |access-date=19 January 2011}}</ref> Gatso USA of Beverly, Massachusetts;<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gatso-usa.com/content/20080718_streamwood.pdf |title=Streamwood OKs red-light cameras for intersection |date=18 July 2008 |work=Gatso-USA.com |access-date=3 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120326021150/http://www.gatso-usa.com/content/20080718_streamwood.pdf |archive-date=2012-03-26 |url-status=dead }}</ref> iTraffic Safety LLC of Ridgeland, South Carolina;<ref>{{cite news |title=Ridgeland Mayor Gary W. Hodges: Photo-cop is new safety tool, not money machine |author=Paul Tharp |newspaper=South Carolina Lawyers Weekly |date=6 September 2010}}</ref> NovoaGlobal Inc., of Orlando, Florida; Optotraffic, of Lanham, Maryland;<ref>{{cite news |title=Ticketing accelerates in College Park |author=David Hill |newspaper=The Washington Post |date=9 December 2010 |page=T18 |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2010/12/07/AR2010120706806.html}}</ref> Redflex Traffic Systems of Phoenix, Arizona, with its parent company in Australia;<ref name=Broden>{{cite news |title=Bids on red-light cameras rejected |author=Scott Broden |newspaper=The Daily News Journal |location=Murfreesboro, TN |date=15 January 2011}}</ref> RedSpeed-Illinois LLC, of Lombard, Illinois, whose parent company is in Worcestershire, England;<ref name=Ruzich>{{cite news |title=Camera firm with past ties to lawyer wins pact |author=Joseph Ruzich |newspaper=Chicago Tribune |date=24 September 2009 |page=23 |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2009-09-24-0909230787-story.html}}</ref> and SafeSpeed LLC, of Chicago, Illinois.<ref name=Ruzich/> Some states have chosen to prohibit the use of red light cameras. These include Arkansas, Maine, Michigan, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, Texas (phasing out fully by 2021), and West Virginia.<ref name=Enforcement>{{cite web |url=http://www.iihs.org/laws/automated_enforcement.aspx |title=Automated enforcement laws |date=March 2011 |work=Insurance Institute for Highway Safety |access-date=22 March 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title= Mississippi makes red light cameras illegal |url= https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/news/2009/03/mississippi-bans-red-light-cameras-chicago-pay-attention.ars |date= 24 March 2009 |access-date= 2009-04-28 |first=Joel |last=Hruska}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title= An Informal Presentation to the House Transportation Committee on Red Light Cameras, November 30, 2011 |url= http://www.house.mi.gov/SessionDocs/2011-2012/Testimony/Committee23-11-30-2011-1.pdf |date= 30 November 2011 |access-date= 2013-06-17}}</ref> In February 2012, the red light camera ordinance in the city of [[St. Louis, Missouri|St. Louis]] was officially declared void by St. Louis Circuit Court Judge Mark Neill.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blogs.riverfronttimes.com/dailyrft/2012/02/st_louis_red_light_ordinance_void.php|title=St. Louis' Red-Light Camera Ordinance Officially Declared Void|work=Riverfront Times|access-date=2012-04-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120415171836/http://blogs.riverfronttimes.com/dailyrft/2012/02/st_louis_red_light_ordinance_void.php|archive-date=2012-04-15|url-status=dead}}</ref> On 9 August 2012, the [[Cary, North Carolina]] town council voted to end their program.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.news-record.com/content/2012/08/10/article/cary_axes_red_light_cameras|title=Cary axes red-light cameras|work=[[News & Observer]]|date=10 August 2012|access-date=2012-08-11}}</ref> In February 2013, the San Diego mayor helped remove a red light camera to keep the campaign promise he made during the November 2012 election to eliminate these systems.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2013/feb/01/san-diego-red-light-cameras-filner-halts/|title=San Diego drops red-light cameras|date=1 February 2013|work=The San Diego Union-Tribune}}</ref> New Jersey had to renew the Red Light law by the state legislature in early 2015 and did not do this, making the use of red light cameras illegal in the state afterwards. In the United States, fines are not standardized and vary to a great degree, from $50 in New York City<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.council.nyc.gov/html/budget/PDFs/fy_10_exec_budget_transportation.pdf |title=Hearing on the Fiscal 2010 Executive Budget |date=13 May 2009 |work=Council of the City of New York, Finance Dept. |access-date=20 November 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110911000253/http://council.nyc.gov/html/budget/PDFs/fy_10_exec_budget_transportation.pdf |archive-date=2011-09-11 |url-status=dead }}</ref> to approximately $500 in California.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.courts.ca.gov/documents/july2011_jcbail.pdf |title=Uniform Bail and Penalty Schedule |date=July 2011 |work=Judicial Council of California |access-date=20 November 2011}}</ref> The cost in California can increase to approximately $600 if the motorist elects to attend traffic school in order to avoid having a demerit point added to his or her driving record. ====Notice of traffic violation==== In many California police departments, when a positive identification cannot be made, the registered owner of the vehicle will be mailed a ''notice of traffic violation'' instead of a real ticket. Also known as "snitch tickets," these notices are used to request identifying information about the driver of the vehicle during the alleged violation. Because these notices have not been filed at court, they carry no legal weight and the registered owner is under no obligation to respond. In California, a genuine ticket will bear the name and address of the local branch of the Superior Court and direct the recipient to contact that court. In contrast, a ''notice of traffic violation'' generated by the police will omit court information, using statements like "This is not a notice to appear" and "Do not forward this information to the Court."<ref name="Highwayrobbery">{{cite web|url=http://highwayrobbery.net/redlightcamsticket.htm#Fakes |title=Red Light Cameras in California |publisher=Highwayrobbery.net |access-date=2020-02-24}}</ref><ref name="losangeles.cbslocal.com">{{cite web | title=Are Police Tricking People Into Paying 'Snitch' Tickets? | website=CBS Los Angeles | date=2011-02-13 | url=https://losangeles.cbslocal.com/2011/02/13/goldstein-investigation-are-police-tricking-people-into-paying-snitch-tickets/ |first=David |last=Goldstein}}</ref><ref name="The Right To Remain Silent">{{cite web |url=http://www.almanacnews.com/news/show_story.php?id=10022 |title=The Right To Remain Silent |publisher=almanacnews.com |access-date=18 November 2011 |date=8 November 2011}}</ref><ref name="handelonthelaw.com">{{cite web |url=http://www.handelonthelaw.com/home/law-articles/traffic-moving-violations-articles/red-light-camera-tickets---something-consumers-should-know.html |title=Something Every Consumer Should Know |publisher=HandelontheLaw.com |access-date=18 November 2011 |date=27 March 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121204183719/http://www.handelonthelaw.com/home/law-articles/traffic-moving-violations-articles/red-light-camera-tickets---something-consumers-should-know.html |archive-date=2012-12-04 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In September 2014, a bill was proposed in New Jersey to disallow the state Motor Vehicle Commission from sharing license plate and driver information needed to cite New Jersey drivers accused of committing infractions in another state.<ref>{{cite web|title=Bill A3527|url=http://www.njleg.state.nj.us/2014/Bills/A4000/3527_I1.HTM|publisher=State of New Jersey|access-date=19 September 2014}}</ref> ====Decrease since 2012 in the USA==== {{Graph:Chart |type=line |width=400 |height=225 |xAxisTitle=Year |x=1992,1993,1994,1995,1996,1997,1998,1999,2000,2001,2002,2003,2004,2005,2006,2007,2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013,2014,2015,2016,2017,2018 |yAxisTitle=Number of communities |y1=1,1,2,2,5,12,21,27,34,50,56,72,94,115,155,243,380,440,491,530,533,528,516,467,458,430,403 |legend=Red light camera deployment |y1Title=USA, source IIHS |showSymbols= }} While the number of red light cameras decreased from 533 in 2012 to 421 in 2018, people killed in red-light crashes increased from 696 in 2012 to 811 in 2016, reflecting a 17% increase.<ref>{{cite web | title=Red-Light-Running Fatalities Increase 17% in Four Years | website=Automotive Fleet | date=July 24, 2018 | url=https://www.automotive-fleet.com/308180/red-light-running-fatalities-increase-17-in-four-years}}</ref> The reasons for the red light camera discontinuation were reduction in camera citations, difficulty sustaining the financial viability of the program and intense community opposition.<ref name="autogenerated2"/> In the USA, surveys indicate the public support for red light camera enforcement; however, the support is decreasing if programs are not adequate, or if perception is focused on revenue rather than on saving lives. To be successful, a red light camera should focus on safety and transparency, as well as be located in a problematic intersection which needs to be assessed by communities (for instance, for road design and signal timing). It could also take into account public input with stakeholders such as law enforcement, victim advocates, school officials and residents to plan a program.<ref name="autogenerated2"/> ===Singapore=== In 2014 Singapore started to use German Jenoptik red light cameras, with an 11-megapixel resolution. 240 streets have red light cameras in Singapore.<ref>{{cite web | title=5 Different Types of Traffic Cameras in Singapore | website=ETHOZ | date=2019-04-04 | url=https://www.ethozgroup.com/blog/5-different-types-of-traffic-cameras-in-singapore/}}</ref> ===New South Wales=== In New South Wales red light cameras were introduced in April 1982 <ref>{{cite book |last1=Hulscher |first1=Frank |title=A Signal Career |date=1993 |publisher=Roads and Traffic Authority |location=Sydney |page=133}}</ref> followed by speed cameras in 2009.<ref name="autogenerated3">{{cite web |url=https://roadsafety.transport.nsw.gov.au/downloads/2017-speed-camera-review.pdf |title=Speed Camera Programs: 2017 Annual Review |website=roadsafety.transport.nsw.gov.au |date=May 2018}}</ref> In New South Wales there are 191 cameras at 171 intersection. These camera can check both the red light and the speed<ref name="autogenerated3"/> During the period of observations were: * 33% reduction in fatal and serious injury crashes * 54% reduction in fatalities * 35% reduction in serious injuries * 49% reduction in pedestrian casualties.<ref name="autogenerated3"/>
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