Editing Redwing (section)

==Song==
The male has a varied short song, and a whistling flight call. Redwings show a distinct dialectic variation in song, having a considerable similarity in song patterns among birds within a local population.<ref name="Bjerke, T. K. 1981">Bjerke, T. K., & Bjerke, T. H. (1981). Song dialects in the Redwing Turdus iliacus. Ornis Scandinavica, 40–50.</ref>

The Redwing song consists of a number of introductory elements of descending or ascending frequency. These elements may be of pure tonal quality, or of a more harsh quality (varying degrees of frequency modulations or "''trills''"). After the introductory elements, a fast and more complex song pattern often follows. It is the introductory elements which show a geographic variation. The boundaries of any given dialect may vary but in a rural and forested environment in Norway the average size of these dialect areas is around 41.5 km2.<ref name="Bjerke, T. K. 1981"/>
[[File:Turdus-iliacus-song-structure.png|thumb|A spectrogram showing an example of the song structure of a Redwing in Iceland. Terminology is applied.]]