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Reefer ship
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===Timeline=== *In 1876, French engineer [[Charles Tellier]] bought the ex-Elder-Dempster 690 tons cargo ship ''Eboe'' and fitted a Methyl-ether refrigerating plant of his design. The ship was renamed ''Le Frigorifique'' and successfully imported a cargo of refrigerated meat from Argentina. However the machinery could be improved and in 1877 another refrigerated ship called ''Paraguay'' with a refrigerating plant improved by [[Ferdinand Carré]] was put into service on the South American run. *In 1879, Henry Bell (1848–1931) and John Bell (1850–1929) of Scotland and [[Joseph James Coleman]] [[FRSE]] (1838–1888) of Scotland completed the Bell–Coleman dense-air machine on the Anchor liner ''Circassia'', which successfully brought a cargo of chilled beef from the US to London. *In 1880, ''Strathleven'', equipped with a Bell–Coleman air machine and loaded with successfully shipped beef, mutton, butter and kegs, sailed from [[Melbourne]], Australia, to London—a nine-week voyage of about {{convert|15000|mi}}. *In 1881, Alfred Seale Haslam (1844–1927) of England equipped the liner ''Orient'' with Haslam refrigeration compressors. He bought the Bell–Coleman dense-air patents in 1878 and eventually equipped four hundred plants and ships with Bell-Coleman machines. *By 1899, refrigerated fruit ship traffic to the US reached 90,000 tons per year. *By 1890, after acquiring the patent rights of Franz Windhausen's CO<sub>2</sub>-compression refrigeration system, the [[J & E Hall]] company installed the first marine CO<sub>2</sub> refrigerator system on the Nelson Line ship ''Highland Chief''. *In 1900, a worldwide survey found 356 refrigerated ships, 37% of which had air machines, 37% ammonia compressors and 25% CO<sub>2</sub> compressors. *In 1900, Great Britain {{verify source|reason=Great Britain or UK? The former excludes Ireland, all of which was part of the UK in 1900|date=February 2019}} imported over 360,000 metric tons of refrigerated meat: 220,000 tons from Argentina, 95,000 tons from New Zealand and 45,000 tons from Australia. There were weekly sailings on refrigerated "banana boats" from the UK to Central America by [[Fyffes Line|Elders and Fyffes Ltd]], which had been importing bananas since 1888 to the UK in their own ships. Round trips took 28 days. *In 1901, the first refrigerated banana ship, ''Port Morant'', was equipped with a CO<sub>2</sub> machine and carried 23,000 stems of bananas at a controlled temperature from [[Jamaica]] to the UK. *In 1902, [[Lloyd's Register]] recorded 460 ships with refrigerating plants. *By 1902, the [[United Fruit Company]] started having refrigerated banana boats built in the UK to add to their fleet which hauled passengers and bananas between ports in the United States and [[Central America]]. *By 1910, UK refrigerated meat imports rose to 760,000 tons per year. *By 1910, the British company J & E Hall had installed 1800 CO<sub>2</sub> refrigeration machines in ships. *By 1913, the UK fleet included 230 refrigerated ships with a total cargo capacity of 440,000 tons. *By 1935, refrigerated imports into Britain totaled {{convert|1000000|t|sp=us}} of meat, 500,000 tons of butter, 130,000 tons of cheese, 430,000 tons of apples and pears, and 20 million stems of bananas.
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