Editing Refractive error (section)

===Genetics===
[[File:Fundus of patient with retinitis pigmentosa, early stage.jpg|thumb|upright=1.3|Fundus of person with [[retinitis pigmentosa]], early stage]]
There is evidence to suggest genetic predilection for refractive error. Individuals that have parents with certain refractive errors are more likely to have similar refractive errors.<ref name="NIH2010" />

The Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man ([[OMIM]]) database has listed 261 genetic disorders in which myopia is one of the symptoms.<ref name="Morgan 1739–1748">{{cite journal|last=Morgan|first=Ian|author2=Kyoko Ohno-Matsui |s2cid=208793136|title=Myopia|journal=The Lancet|date=May 2012|volume=379|issue=9827|pages=1739–1748|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60272-4|pmid=22559900}}</ref> Myopia may be present in heritable connective tissue disorders such as: [[Knobloch syndrome]] (OMIM 267750); [[Marfan syndrome]] (OMIM 154700); and [[Stickler syndrome]] (type 1, OMIM 108300; type 2, OMIM 604841).<ref name="Wojciechowski 301–320"/> Myopia has also been reported in [[X-linked recessive inheritance|X-linked disorders]] caused by mutations in [[Locus (genetics)|loci]] involved in retinal [[Photoreceptor cell|photoreceptor]] function ([[NYX (gene)|NYX]], [[RP2 (gene)|RP2]], MYP1) such as: autosomal recessive [[congenital stationary night blindness]] ([[CSNB]]; OMIM 310500); [[retinitis pigmentosa]] 2 (RP2; OMIM 312600); Bornholm eye disease (OMIM 310460).<ref name="Wojciechowski 301–320">{{cite journal|last=Wojciechowski|first=Robert|title=Nature and Nurture: the complex genetics of myopia and refractive error|journal= Clinical Genetics|date=April 2011|volume=79|issue=4|pages=301–320|doi=10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01592.x|pmid=21155761|pmc=3058260}}</ref>
Many genes that have been associated with refractive error are clustered into common biological networks involved in connective tissue growth and extracellular matrix organization.<ref name="Wojciechowski 301–320"/> Although a large number of chromosomal localisations have been associated with myopia (MYP1-MYP17), few specific genes have been identified.<ref name="Morgan 1739–1748"/>